At the moment, late-ripening apples have begun to harvest and enter the “reserve†period. The author has learned that many apples will have varying degrees of tiger skin disease during storage, resulting in a decline in apple quality.
In this regard, Feng Zhihui, director of the horticultural station of Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province, pointed out that apple tiger skin disease is also called brown scald disease. In the early stage of the disease, irregular yellowish brown plaques are produced on the fruit surface, which gradually develops. Finally, browning endangers the flesh. It turns brown to dark brown, and the severe diseased peel can be torn off. At this time, the flesh becomes soft and susceptible to fungal infection, and the fruit is easily deteriorated and rotted after being discharged. The occurrence of the disease has a lot to do with apple varieties, cultivation techniques, harvesting time and storage environment. Fuji skin, red star, Qin crown, Huaguan, Jinguan, etc. will occur tiger skin disease; partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, rainy years or too much watering, canopy closed, internal pigmentation is not colored, the incidence is high; harvested Early, the storage environment air is not circulating, and the temperature in the late storage period is too high, especially during the period from March to April after the spring, the temperature rises and it is easy to develop.
Yan Zhihui suggested that fruit growers should first start with cultivation techniques, control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer in apple planting, and increase the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to increase the tree potential; rationally trim, strengthen the canopy ventilation and light; rational fruit thinning, promote fruit Coloring to improve the quality of the fruit. In addition, mastering storage techniques can also reduce the incidence of tiger skin disease. When storing, choose apples with relatively high maturity, coloring and hardness. Use cold storage (conditional storage with modified atmosphere storage), properly increase the proportion of carbon dioxide in the storage environment during storage to maintain it at 3% to 5% (Fuji varieties can be controlled at 2%), cold storage temperature is controlled at 0 °C about. At the same time, in order to prevent the temperature of the storage warehouse from being too high, it is necessary to ventilate and ventilate frequently, and check it. Once there is any sign of tiger skin disease, the apple should be taken out of the warehouse in time to prevent the lesion from spreading to the whole fruit, causing heavy losses.
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