Pollination in strawberry planting directly affects the economic benefits of strawberry planting. Therefore, many strawberry growers use bees to pollinate in strawberry greenhouses to ensure uniform pollination of strawberries. This time, Xiao Bian compiled the introduction of bee colony management during the strawberry pollination process, I hope to help you.
Due to its own habits and structural advantages, bees are very suitable for pollination in crops to increase crop yields. Each time a bee flies out of the honey, it transfers as much as 5 million pollen from one flower to another. Pollination is a very important process in strawberry greenhouse cultivation. A large amount of data indicates that the use of honeybees to pollinate strawberries, the effect of strawberry yield is very significant, due to the high humidity, high temperature and small space in the greenhouse, it is very suitable for the survival and activity of bees.
1. Management of bee colonies
When introducing honeybees into the greenhouse, it is best to choose a lower temperature morning or evening, and the bee hive should be set at a height of 0.5-0.8 m from the ground. The relatively dry position of the greenhouse is selected, and the relative humidity is maintained at about 80%, which is very beneficial to the development and growth of bee larvae, while the environment with relative humidity of 60-70% is suitable for the emergence of bee adults.
Generally speaking, due to the tightness of the greenhouse, the humidity is maintained at a relatively high level. When the humidity is 90%, the emergence of adults will be affected, and the pollen and nectar taken by the bees will be due to the effect of self-inflation. It becomes viscous and diluted, and bees eat as food and are prone to illness and death. The position of the hive is as close as possible to the greenhouse, and the front is high and low. The position of the hive is not easy to change frequently, otherwise it is not conducive to the bee to recognize the nest. The honey that has just arrived should not be released immediately. It should be closed for 5-6 hours to make it claustrophobic, and then leave a small gap for a small number of bees to fly out to identify the environment and identify the nest.
Within a few days before placing the hive in the greenhouse, do not open the straw at the bottom of the greenhouse, which will reduce the risk of the bee smashing the membrane. During the pollination of bees, appropriate amounts of water containing inorganic salts should be added to replenish the water and to supplement the salt required by the bees. This will prevent the bees from taking the dew that is condensed by the water vapor as the water for eating, because most of this water contains toxic substances, and the intake of this water will shorten the life of the worker bees. Ingestion of this water by larvae can lead to stunting, which can result in abnormal feathering.
After the young bees enter the feathering stage, they need to take pollen as food. Although there are strawberry flowers in the greenhouse, the amount of pollen does not meet the growth requirements of the young bees. Therefore, if the pollen is found to be insufficient, the pollen should be timely added to the hive. To maintain the normal growth of the bee colony.
If the temperature in the greenhouse exceeds 30 °C, it will be detrimental to the normal activities of the bees. It should be given a timely cooling. The greenhouse door can be opened to allow a large amount of flowing air to enter the greenhouse to cool down. At the same time, in order to prevent the escape of the bees, they can be hung at the door. Nylon gauze. During the pollination of bees, pesticides should not be used during this time, given the sensitivity of the bees to pesticides. If you must use it, you should first remove the bees.
2. Management of the queen bee
Because the strawberry pollination period in the greenhouse is relatively long, the pollen quantity is insufficient, and the relative humidity of the air is large, it is easy to cause the number of introduced bee colonies to continuously decrease. In response to such a situation, two methods can be used to cope:
First, do not put the bees too early, but put the bees in the strawberry flowering period to reduce the life cycle of the bees in the greenhouse.
Second, if the farmers first put the bee colony into the greenhouse in advance to get the early high-quality strawberries to seize the market, they can deduct the queen bee during the flowering period but not during the flowering period. In this way, the bee king's spawning and bee colony greatly reduce the demand and activity of pollen, which is very important for the extension and maintenance of the worker bee life. A small amount of worker bees attending activities in the early stage was enough to meet the small amount of strawberry flower pollination needs in the early stage. When entering the flowering period and placing the queen bee into the hive, the period of mass reproduction of the bees is highly consistent with the time of strawberry blooming, in order to facilitate the full pollination of the worker bees.
After a long pollination work with bees in the greenhouse, the population of bees must show a significant decline. However, if the operation and operation are carried out according to the above method, at least the general number of bees can survive when the flowering period ends. By cultivating and releasing it, the number of bee colonies can be gradually restored to the normal level. In the spring of next year, such measures can be used again to pollinate, and the greenhouse bee colony is managed scientifically, which not only improves the strawberry population. The efficiency of pollination also reduces the economic cost of pollination and achieves a double harvest of the benefits of beekeepers and the interests of strawberry growers.
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