Oral contraceptives are favored by women because of its convenience. However, from a clinical point of view, long-term use of contraceptives is likely to cause abnormalities in women's bodies. The following are the five most common adverse reactions. We have also proposed some solutions for reference.
First, the type of early pregnancy reaction
Early pregnancy reactions are more common, accounting for about 50% of the drug population. Symptoms are mostly heavy and light, and gradually disappear later, which may be related to the gradual adaptation of the body. It manifests as a reaction to early pregnancy, such as loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting or even fatigue, dizziness, and the like. Often occurs in the first 1-2 weeks of medication. This reaction is related to estrogen stimulation of the gastric mucosa in the contraceptive pill. In fact, the type of early pregnancy reaction does not need to be too anxious, as long as the medication time is changed after dinner or before going to sleep can be a good relief of stomach discomfort; response is heavier, can take vitamin B6, 20 mg each time, daily 3 times. If there is still no remission, consider replacing the contraceptives and choose a drug with less estrogen content.
Second, vaginal bleeding
Many women suffer from persistent spotting during breaks or breakthrough bleeding like menstrual flow. This is related to the lack of compliance, the delay in taking birth control pills or the lack of efficacy of contraceptives. If vaginal bleeding occurs in the first half of the menstrual cycle, it often suggests that the dose of estrogen is too small; if it occurs in the latter half of the cycle, it means that the dose of progesterone is not enough to maintain the endometrium. How to solve it - In the first half of the period of bleeding, daily use of ethinyl estradiol 5-10 micrograms until the end of the cycle; In the latter half of the bleeding, you can add 1 pill every day; If the bleeding time is close to the menstrual period If the bleeding is more like menstruation, you can stop the medicine and take the next cycle of medicine on the fifth day of bleeding.
Third, after a few months or amenorrhea
A lot of female friends will reflect: After taking birth control pills, the menstrual flow will become less, and even amenorrhoea will happen. What happened? - The original birth control pills can make the endometrial hypoplasia and the glands secrete insufficiently, so the endometrium can not grow normally and thin. , resulting in reduced menstrual flow. Individual women because of the inhibitory effect of contraceptives excessive, withdrawal withdrawal after withdrawal does not occur, amenorrhea. Solution: This is a good thing for women who have had a large amount of menstruation, and generally does not need special treatment. If the urine pregnancy test is negative, you can continue taking the next cycle of the drug after stopping for 7 days. If you have continuous amenorrhea for 2 months, observe the withdrawal immediately. Most people relapse after the menstrual cycle.
Fourth, weight gain
Some women are reluctant to take birth control pills because of fear of drug-induced weight gain. Indeed, certain components of birth control pills can cause weight gain: Androgens can cause appetite hyperactivity or acne, especially within the first 3 months of taking oral contraceptives; estrogen levels cause water and sodium retention, which leads to Weight gain during the second half of the menstrual cycle; progesterone promotes anabolism and leads to weight gain. It is worth mentioning that the incidence of weight gain is only about 15%.
Fifth, facial pigmentation
Some women who take longer medications may have cheeks on their cheeks as they did during pregnancy, which is caused by estrogen-induced pigmentation. People who have pigmentation during pregnancy are prone to contraceptives and are associated with sunlight exposure. Avoid facial pigmentation, you can add some fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C in the diet, such as tomatoes, oranges, kiwifruit, etc.; Avoid bright light, apply sunscreen when you go out; People with pigmentation tendency, can choose Contraceptives with low levels of estrogen, such as progestogen-only preparations.