The Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences focused its innovation on the development of agricultural green ecology and agricultural structure adjustment in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and provided scientific and technological support for the vegetable supply in the Winter Olympics and Winter Paralympic Games in 2022. The researchers of the Vegetable Research Center in Hebei Zhangjiakou's breeding base in Zhangbei County has cultivated more than 100 new varieties of vegetables resistant to bolting and cold-tolerant leafy roots suitable for high altitude and alpine cultivation. At present, these vegetables are not only growing well, but some varieties are already in large areas in the Bashang area. Planting.
chili
Zilong slightly spicy purple pepper varieties, middle and early maturity, robust growth, fruit horns, commercial fruit is purple, fruit surface smooth, good quality, single fruit weight 70-120 grams, antiviral disease and bacterial wilt. Suitable for protection and open field cultivation.
Astragalus midi, strong growth potential, fruit cone horn shape, when the fruit matures from green to golden yellow, sweet and fleshy, smooth fruit surface, good quality, single fruit weight 100-180 grams, compared with anti-virus disease. Suitable for protective cultivation.
â– Cultivation Techniques
◆ Plug seedlings transplanting. The best way to disinfect the seeds is to soak in warm water at about 50°C for 15 minutes, then soak in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for about 20 minutes, wash with water and sow.
â—† Pay attention to controlling the moisture at the seedling stage to avoid excessive growth, and generally do not water when it is not dry. When the 8-10 true leaves are selected, warm and sunny afternoons are selected for transplanting and planting. The planting depth should be appropriate for the cotyledon Qi soil and be irrigated with water to survive the normal management.
â—† Appropriate fertilization to promote the germination of new shoots.
â—† Generally 2-3 weeks after flowering, the fruit can be harvested after full expansion. Pay attention to picking as many times as possible, even with the fruit handle removed, leaving more fruit on the plant, can increase production.
Chinese cabbage
Jingyan Cabbage No. 2 seedlings, harvested 28-30 days, heat, moisture, disease resistance, good quality, suitable for close planting.
Jingchunwa No. 2 harvested 45-50 days after planting, late bolting, disease resistance, excellent quality, suitable for spring, autumn and high altitude areas in spring and summer dense planting.
Purple-Gan 2 is medium-early-maturing, and it takes about 70 days from planting to harvesting. The leaves are compact, spherical, crack resistant, weighing about 1.5 kilograms. Disease resistance, heat resistance, suitable for spring and autumn cultivation.
Chungan No. 3 is precociously harvested and harvested 45-50 days after planting. The single ball weighs about 1 kilogram. It is round in shape and has a strong winteriness. It is not easy to convulsive in early maturity and is suitable for planting in northern spring.
Purple Crown 1 plant type is semi-upright, strong growth potential, disease resistance, and late bolting.
Jing Cui No. 1 cooked Chinese cabbage varieties, the growth period of about 55 days. Strong growth potential, disease resistance, crisp and sweet taste, good quality.
Jingshu 186 medium-early-ripening varieties, harvested about 40 days after sowing; plant type upright, fast growth; resistant to bolting, resistance to downy mildew, high yield; suitable for early spring, autumn and winter cultivation
â– Cultivation Techniques
â—† Variety selection: According to the local climate conditions to select the appropriate species, to prevent early bolting affect the yield. When planting, pay attention to the depth and time of seedling filling.
â—†Water and Fertilizer Management: The leafy vegetables grow rapidly, and the demand for water and fertilizer is small. The principles of a small number of multiple irrigation fertilization, small water pouring, and water and fertilizer matching should be adopted according to different fertility stages.
â—†Protection of pests and diseases in a timely manner, focusing on prevention, selecting low-toxicity and high-efficiency pesticides, and paying attention to reasonable intervals. To harvest in time.
Pumpkin and radish
Beijing red chestnut is early mature, grow strong, easy to sit melon, flowering to harvest about 40 days. The single melon weighs 2 kilograms, flesh is thick, orange is red, the taste is sweet, the flesh is fine, the flouriness is high, has chestnut fragrance, the quality is good.
The cherry radish hybrids are bred using the "three-line matching" technique. The roots of the flesh are spherical, with a bright red root color and a sweet, brittle flesh. Fertility 25-30 days, suitable for banding.
Red Core 98 is a newly-selected Kuroda type anti-convulsive three-line hybrid. It is suitable for early spring protection and sowing in late spring and summer and autumn. Precocious maturity, 95-100 days of growth period. The coloring enlargement is rapid; the skin, meat and heart are bright red, and the rate of three reds is extremely high. The skin is smooth, shiny, fast coloring, good taste and good quality. With an output of up to 4,500 kilograms per mu, it is an ideal variety for fresh food.
eggplant
Jingjing No. 20 early mature high quality eggplant hybrids. The plants grow vigorously and the leaves are greenish. The fruit is dark purple with a smooth and shiny peel and excellent gloss. Fruit shape stick, fruit length 25-30 cm, single fruit weight 250-350 grams. Continuous fruit setting ability, fast fruit development, light green flesh, and good merchandise. Thick skin, not easy to lose water, long shelf life, high commodity value. This variety is strong in stress resistance and resistant to high temperatures and is suitable for open cultivation in the north.
The eggplant anvil 1 has high germination rate, uniform germination, and is suitable for large-scale nursery sites. Highly resistant to soil-borne diseases such as nematodes, eggplant verticillium wilt, blight, and bacterial wilt; high grafting survival rates have no adverse effects on eggplant quality. The thorns are easy to operate, the stems are hard and do not fall down. The developed root system has enhanced resistance to adverse conditions such as low temperature and drought, plant growth is strong, fruit set rate is high, harvest period is prolonged, and yield is significantly increased.
â– Cultivation Techniques
â—† Use grafted seedlings to cultivate strong seedlings.
â—† The amount of fertilizer should not be too large during cultivation and management. Excessive fertilization will result in high concentrations of soil solution, reverse osmosis in the root system will die, and production will naturally decline. In particular, greenhouses have high temperatures and high humidity. Organic fertilizers decompose rapidly. The availability of phosphorus is 2-3 times higher than that of open soil. A large amount of ammonia volatilizes, and excessive fertilization can easily cause fertilizer damage.
◆ The temperature should not be too high. The eggplant's upper temperature limit is 32°C. If the temperature is too high, the respiration is enhanced, the physiological activity is disturbed, the fruit set is restrained, the plants are lengthy, the vegetative growth and reproductive growth are unbalanced, and the yield is decreased. It is necessary to strictly manage the temperature required by each growth stage of eggplant and the optimum temperature of each organ during the growth period. In case of high temperature, the temperature should be reduced in time to prevent high temperature and long branches from fruiting.
tomato
Xianke No. 8 Anti-nematode New Tomatoes. Unlimited growth, medium ripeness, no green shoulders, pink ripe fruit, high hardness, good peel toughness, strong resistance to cracking, high fruit rate. The Mi-Nematode gene is contained, and it has compound resistance to both leaf mold and blight, and the planting effect is more pronounced in areas where the root knot nematode is seriously damaged.
Jingdan Emerald No. 2 is a green, mature, indeterminate, growth-type specialty tomato variety that is ripe and resistant to leaf mold. Strong growth potential. Round and round fruit, fruit weight of about 20 grams, 100% pure green ripe fruit, crystal clear like a gem. The flavor is rich in acidity and sweetness, and the taste is excellent. It is suitable for long-season cultivation of protected land.
â– Cultivation Techniques
â—† Use seedlings to raise seedlings and cultivate strong seedlings. The seeding period and seedling length directly affect the plant growth and results. Appropriate sowing in advance can extend the harvest period. The sowing date will be decided sooner or later according to the characteristics of the varieties, the cultivation purpose and the climate at that time.
â—† Tomatoes have a large demand for fertilizers and water. Apply base fertilizer and reapply calcium fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer. Due to the high yield of tomato varieties and the long growing period, it must be applied to the base fertilizer before planting. For ridge cultivation, planting should not be too deep. Watering should be done with a small amount of water and keep the soil dry and wet. After taking fruit, it is necessary to use water as a fertilizer, mainly as high-potassium biological fertilizer.
â—† Perform pruning and hiccup operations in a timely manner to maintain sanitation in the greenhouse, apply irrigation with reasonable irrigation, and timely prevent pests and diseases.
â—† Pay attention to timely harvest.
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