Extension period: to promote
At present, the open-season watermelon reaches the extension period. During this period, the growth of stems and leaves is accelerated, the internodes are elongated, the leaf area is gradually expanded, and the buds are blossomed. This stage lasts 18 to 20 days.
Watermelon from the group to the beginning of male flowers, should be promoted mainly to accelerate the growth of stems and leaves, lay the material basis for the development of flower organs, especially early maturing varieties, should pay more attention to raise seedlings and promote pupa. In the production, diammonium phosphate or cooked cake fat can be concentrated and watered in time to promote hair growth. In order to control the growth of stems and leaves, prevent running lice, and promote the development of female flowers, from the beginning of the male flower of the watermelon to the flowering of the second female flower of the main vine, the growth of the vegetative bodies such as stems and leaves should be controlled, and the development of female reproductive organs such as female flowers should be promoted. Controlled integration. Production should be strictly controlled watering, and through pruning, pressure vines and other technical measures to control the growth of stems and leaves, reduce nutrient consumption, to avoid madness caused by falling, buds, in order to improve the fruit set rate of watermelon.
Result period: increase the rate of results
After 18 to 20 days after the vine extends, the fruit will enter the result period. In the fruiting period, the watermelon will undergo morphological changes such as depilation. According to these morphological changes, the result period can be divided into three stages: the early stage of the result, the middle stage of the result, and the later stage of the result.
The result, also known as the fruit setting period, is an important stage of watermelon cultivation. If too much precipitation at this time, watering is too large, and nitrogen fertilizer is applied excessively, it is easy to cause the plants to grow crazy and lead to a large number of falling flowers and falling fruit. Therefore, the results of the previous management should be to promote fruitfulness, strict control of irrigation, timely pruning, hiccups and vines, and to take artificial pollination or hormone treatment measures to promote fruit set, improve the rate of results.
Results The diameter and volume of watermelon fruit increased rapidly during the middle period, and the demand for water, fertilizer and nutrients was the largest. If the supply of fertilizer and water is insufficient at this time, not only the fruit can not fully inflate, but it is also prone to premature aging and dehydration. From the time the watermelon grows to the size of the egg or goose egg, pour a swollen water of the water and chase the swollen fertilizer. Before and after the fruit is fixed, 0.2% urea or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be used for foliar spray to prevent premature aging of the leaves.
Specific management technical measures
Cultivate fertilize the fields and fertilize the soil. It is required to do fat footing and chase fat. The method is to apply topdressing fertilizers in dry days and chase fertilizers in rainy days. Use a wooden rod with a diameter of 5 cm to make up the fertilizer at about 20 cm from the root of the seedlings. Apply the fertilizer for the first time at the planting stage (5 leaf period), and recover 10 kg of diammonium for the mu; the second time the fertilizer is applied 7 days after the flowering. 15 kg of urea and 15 kg of potash were followed; the third topdressing was carried out 7 days after the second topdressing, with 10 kg of urea and 10 kg of potash.
Watered watermelons are resistant to drought, but they also need to be watered in a timely manner. (1) Press water. During the period when the watermelon enters the group stage, the first time the top fertilizer is used for watering, the amount of water should be moderate, and only the sowing ridge can be poured. (2) Swelling water. In order to promote fruit enlargement and prevent shortage of water, the second time should be combined with swelled melon water. The amount of water should be increased appropriately, water can be poured, then watered according to soil and precipitation, so that a balanced water supply can be provided to prevent cracking. Especially after severe drought, attention should be paid to controlling watering.
Pressure vines, pruning, fruit thinning, selection of melons, and melon vines are usually the first time when the main vine is 40 to 50 cm, the second is about 100 cm, and the third is 150 cm. There are pressure and dark pressure in two ways. The pressure is to use guava with clods, branches and other objects on the ground, the dark pressure is to dig a deep groove in the ground, put the melon vine inside, leaving only the leaves, and then compacted with soil. The dry slopes in the mountainous areas should be darkly pressed, and the areas with large rainfall should be fine pressure. It is best to use triple vine pruning, that is, to leave one main vine and two robust lateral vines from the base of the root, and cut off all the other side branches. The main mango leaves between 10 and 18 knots, leaving one melon per plant. You can stop pruning.
For weeding in melon fields, we should try to keep the ploughs in motion or move the plough with little rakes. There are no empty ridges sown or planted in the fields, do not move when doing ridges, and wait until the weeds grow to the weeds in front of the ridges. When ploughing the grass, deepen the soil. Generally empty ridges plow two ploughs, and then flattened. The use of herbicides in Yutian saves labor and labor, but it is necessary to master the use of technology to avoid phytotoxicity. If not, it is better not to use it.
The method of artificial pollination is during the flowering period. In case of rainy season, it is necessary to wear rain-proof paper hats for the female flowers in the field one afternoon before the opening of the female flower, and to pick the male flowers in the field at 5 o'clock in the next day (the pollination varieties that will be open on the day). The male flower) is placed in a place where it is not cool to rain. When flowering loose powder (6 to 7 o'clock), roll over the male petals in the field to reveal the stamens that are loosely powdered and gently apply on the stigma of the female flowers to make the stigma evenly glued. Pollen is degree. A male flower can grant 1 to 3 female flowers. The pollination time should be finished before 10 o'clock in the morning. If the stigma and pollen age for too long, the fruit setting rate is not high. After pollination, wear rain-proof paper caps for female flowers.
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