In this development, firstly, 15 urine samples from healthy people, breast cancer patients, and colorectal cancer patients were analyzed, and metabolites in urine were analyzed in detail by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Based on the difference in water solubility and fat solubility of the metabolites, the assay conditions were optimized and more than 1,300 metabolites were successfully detected from each sample.
Identify cancer by analyzing the main components of a streamlined metabolite
The researchers compared urinary metabolites in healthy, breast, and colorectal cancer patients and found that there was a large difference in metabolite content between the three. As a result, the metabolites that are candidates for biomarkers that recognize the urine of cancer patients are reduced to about 10.
By analyzing the main components of the streamlined metabolites, the urine of healthy, breast cancer and colorectal cancer patients was successfully identified. This is the first example of a cancer that can be identified by analyzing metabolites contained in urine.
Will be verified on a large scale
The analyzed urine samples were commercially available (Biobank) samples containing samples of cancer patients of various disease durations, as well as samples of early cancer patients. This method "can be used for early detection of cancer" (researcher at the Basic Research Center of the Research and Development Department of Hitachi, Ltd.).
In the future, we will develop an analysis kit by promoting structural analysis of biomarker candidate substances. It is also intended to conduct practical validation studies on hundreds of scales to verify sensitivity and specificity. Since this is a comprehensive and cost-effective analysis method, we will verify how many analysis projects can be streamlined without reducing the accuracy. The analysis time that currently takes several days will also be shortened to one day.
For business-oriented, "it will be used first for cancers with high prevalence of women - breast cancer and colorectal cancer. As for the use of drugs for drug use, it is not classified as a drug (screening). To study" (intrusion).
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