First, orchard grass coverage requirements
1. Every township (field) orchard within 1000 meters from the main stream of the Pinghe River in the source of the five rivers, within 500 meters from the tributary, and within 200 meters from the branch stream, should actively promote the application of grass cultivation techniques.
According to the requirements of “thousand, hundred, and ten†requirements, the county shall establish two demonstration bases in the Huashan River Basin, and require that the county establish two or more acres, and that each township (field) shall require the construction of more than 200 acres, and each administrative village shall require the construction of more than 50 acres of orchard grass. Covering cultivation demonstration bases, demonstrations to promote the county to carry out orchard grass cultivation techniques to promote the use of an area of ​​more than 300,000 acres.
2. To promote the cultivation mode of grass cultivation in two kinds of orchards: one is to adopt a local advantageous mixed breed benign and beneficial grass planting model; the other is to promote the green manure, biological control of the scented mangosteen and green manure, pasture grass clover pattern.
3. The use of artificial mowing forms advocates the ban on chemical herbicides.
4. Maintain orchard cover all year round in the orchard to increase the organic green manure in the orchard soil and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Improve and improve soil fertility, reduce fertilizer and pesticide use on soil and water pollution.
Second, the orchard grass cover varieties introduced
1, natural grass mixed with benign beneficial grass varieties: There are mainly clover, sage grass, Lotus root, field comfrey, mudhu dishes, roughleaf flowers, purslane, leeks, lantern grass, grass weeds, see Acacia, broad-leaved gar, alfalfa, Bidens, and so on. It is suitable for cultivation in cultivated land, plain land and open land orchards.
2. Chinese wolfberry pods: An annual herbaceous plant with strong adaptability, dense growth and annual flowering period. It can be used as a green manure and it can also play a good role in biological control. It is suitable for the cultivation of orchards or hillside lands with good light transmission, and open land orchards.
3, clover: perennial leguminous herbs, adaptability, tolerance to yin, drought, ridges, cold, light transmittance as low as 30% can still grow normally. It can be used as green manure and pasture. It is suitable for the cultivation of old orchard or dense planting orchard and plain orchard with large tree crowns and shades.
Third, the orchard covers the technical points
1, natural grass orchards should pay attention to the spring management, timely removal of harmful weeds, appropriate fertilization, promote long, do not use chemical herbicides.
2. For planting artificial grass orchards by hand, first we must do a good job of weeding and soil preparation on the surface of the orchard, and apply organic fertilizer on the ground surface where conditions permit; soak the seeds before planting; use 15 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer per mu, and fine sand 30. Add appropriate amount of water and seeds and stir evenly. Seedlings remove harmful weeds in time.
3, conditional promotion of centralized seedling transplanting planting, so that the effect will be better.
Fourth, the benefits of grass cover in orchards
1, is conducive to soil and water conservation: Orchard grass cover many varieties, adaptability and complementarity, and the long growth cycle throughout the year can cover the orchard soil. In addition, the common root system has a shallow distribution, and there is no problem of competition with fruit trees. It can prevent water and soil loss and provide good moisture retention and moisturizing effects. It can reduce orchard chemical fertilizers and pesticide residues directly into rivers and polluted rivers with rainwater.
2. The orchard is covered with grass. Artificial mowing can be performed 2-3 times a year and it can be used as organic orchard for filling orchard soil. It can not only cultivate fertility, but also reduce soil fertility damage and pollution caused by the use of chemical fertilizers.
3, is conducive to biological control: orchard covered with grass, is conducive to the protection of food ladybugs, predators, grasshoppers, earthworms and other natural enemies of pests to survive and reproduce, reduce fruit trees, spider mites, rust mites, aphids, whiteflies, butterflies Larvae and other damages can reduce the amount of pesticides used and the number of sprayings throughout the year. It is one of the biological control measures to promote ecological balance and economic efficiency.
4. It is beneficial to reduce the use of chemical herbicides: After the orchard retains the grass cover, it can inhibit the growth of other weeds and reduce the use of chemical pesticides to weed the orchards.
5, beneficial to the growth of soil beneficial organisms, orchard grass cover all the year round, the beneficial bacteria in earthworms and soil can breed, can promote the degradation and decomposition of soil organic matter and harmful substances, and improve soil physical and chemical properties.
Five, orchard covered with grass need to pay attention to matters needing attention
1. It is necessary to select good varieties and grass stay patterns according to local conditions, otherwise it will cause poor results. For example, muscats need to be planted in orchards or hillside lands, reclamation lands, and other orchards that are well-lit, and are not suitable for planting in shaded older orchards or plain orchards; shamrocks can be planted in orchards in old orchards, plains, or The shading conditions are more serious in the orchard; to choose the natural orchard of the orchard, but also according to local conditions according to the actual situation of the local grass species to choose to leave some natural grass patterns and varieties.
2, should pay attention to the orchard after leaving the grass management, can not only allow its natural growth, seedlings to remove harmful weeds in time, so that it will help the rapid growth of beneficial grass.
3, to do a good job of water and fertilizer management, promote the growth of beneficial grass.
4. When the grass grows vigorously, the method of artificial mowing can be used to backfill the green grass to increase the organic green manure.
5. It is prohibited to use chemical herbicides for weeding.
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