Autumn turning should be carried out as early as after the autumn harvest, so as to have sufficient time to ensure the maturation of the soil, which is conducive to the storage of late autumn precipitation in the soil, and the establishment of soil plough layer reservoirs to achieve autumn moisture in spring. If plowing is too late and it is too late to harrow the land, it will cause too much and too large surface soil, which will reduce the quality of plowing. This will not only affect the maturation of the soil, but also affect the quality of spring sowing. The depth of autumn plowing is generally 25 cm to 30 cm. .
The soil moisture content is suitable, the soil is finely broken after turning, the moisture retention is good, and the turning resistance is small, and the work efficiency is high. If the soil moisture is too high, sticky strips will easily form after turning, which will turn into dead soil blocks after drying. Even if the soil is prepared for many times, it will be difficult to rake and not preserve moisture. The soil is too dry, the resistance is large, the work efficiency is low, and the farming quality is poor. Plowing in autumn should give priority to ploughing the sticky soil in order to loosen the soil and accelerate the maturation of the soil. For sandy soil with light soil texture, it is not necessary to plow or plow every other year, which is more conducive to water storage and moisture preservation, and at the same time, it can save investment in mechanical farming operations.
Plowing can turn most of the overwintering pests and germs of the farmland to the lower soil layer, destroying its overwintering place, making it impossible to overwinter. Winter irrigation can make the water in the soil reach a saturated state, suffocate the pests that have turned into the soil, and greatly reduce the overwintering base of the pests. Therefore, it is recommended that the plots with water sources and irrigation conditions should be prepared in time for winter irrigation after the fall. Winter irrigation is usually carried out before the soil is frozen, about mid-November, and can be adjusted according to climatic conditions. Plots with small soil leakage can be carried out during freezing, so as to freeze with irrigation and seepage. For sandy loam soil, 70 cubic meters to 100 cubic meters per mu can be irrigated, and 60 cubic meters to 70 cubic meters per mu for other soils. Plots with large leakage should be carried out after freezing.
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