Release date: 2017-01-11
Whether it's a surgical wound, a clumsy scratch, or a trauma left by a bicycle when you were five years old, everyone with scars on their body would like to have their scars disappear.
Although there are scars that have occurred, we have no way to take them, but researchers have found ways to update fresh skin into new skin instead of common scar tissue. Prior to this, it was considered impossible for mammals to want wound healing without leaving it.
George Cotsarelis, director of dermatology at the University of Pennsylvania, is a research member. He said: "In essence, we can manipulate wound healing so that it can regenerate skin instead of scars. The secret to achieving this goal is to regenerate first. Hair follicles. The signal released by the hair follicles then promotes fat regeneration."
If you have wondered why scar tissue looks so different from normal skin, the answer now comes because scar tissue does not contain any fat cells and hair follicles.
The skin that regenerates on small wounds contains fat cells, which are like the skin you were born with, which means that the two eventually blend into one when the wound heals.
However, the scar tissue is mainly composed of myofibroblasts and does not contain any fat cells at all. Therefore, it does not blend into the surrounding skin after the wound has healed, and it always looks different from the skin next to it.
The same is true for aging skin - when we age, we lose our fat cells, causing discolored, deep irreversible wrinkles.
But scientists have found that existing myofibroblasts can be transformed into fat cells, which predicts that when a wound heals, scar tissue can be transformed into regenerative skin. Scientists previously thought that only fish and amphibians could do this.
Maksim Plikus, from the University of California, Irvine, said: "These findings suggest that we have an opportunity to influence tissue regeneration rather than wait for scar formation."
Previous research by the team showed that the fat cells and hair follicles in the regenerated skin developed separately but did not develop independently, and the hair follicles always developed first.
Researchers suspect that hair follicle growth can aid in the regeneration of fat cells, and they induce hair follicles to grow on mouse and laboratory-grown human skin scar tissue. This will never happen naturally, because there are no hair follicles in the scar tissue.
They found that once the hair follicles were formed, they released the signaling protein bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), which actually turned the scarred myofibroblasts into fat cells.
If the hair follicle is induced to grow at the wound healing, the result will be that the healing skin is comparable to the previous one.
Cotsarelis said: "People generally believe that myofibroblasts cannot become other types of cells. But our work shows that we have the ability to affect these cells, and they can be effectively and stably converted into fat cells."
It should be noted that this experiment is only in the proof of concept stage, it is effective on mouse and human skin samples, but the effect on living people remains to be discussed.
Even so, the study is a major breakthrough. If the team can repeat these results in human trials, then humans will have new ways to promote wound healing. We still have a lot of things about the biggest organs of the human body.
The study was published in the journal Science.
Source: Omelette Net
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