The spring potato planting technology is now providing township and township agricultural technology extension service stations. Please refer to local farmers for guidance.
Spring potatoes should be selected for high-yield, high-quality, and strong-resistant detoxification varieties, such as "Zhuangshu", "Bashu 10", "Yueshu 14" and so on.
1.Plot selection
Select a plot with a thick layer of tillage, loose soil, good light, convenient drainage and irrigation, medium or medium-upper fertility. Each village plot should be concentrated as much as possible.
2. Fine site preparation
The land on which potatoes are planted must be deeply ploughed and finely soiled to loosen the soil and improve the ability of the soil to retain water and fertility.
3. Seed selection, seed cutting, seed processing
Seed potatoes need to be disease-free, non-injury, and non-cracking, and the best way to grow whole potatoes is to use small sweet potato stalks of about 6 to 1 yuan. To grow large chunks of potatoes, the cuttings must be handled well, and the cut potatoes are generally indoors. Blades and other utensils used should be strictly disinfected. The cutting knife should be fast, thin, and absolutely clean. Generally, two knives are prepared and one is soaked in 75% alcohol solution, 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or salt water. When used, When cutting a potato knife into a diseased potato, it is necessary to change the knife immediately and eliminate the diseased potato in time. When cutting the potatoes, cut them vertically and make sure that each potato block has more than 2 eyes.
4. Proper close planting to improve planting quality and specifications
The sowing time is suitable from late January to early February. Sorghum sorghum is used for sowing. According to the characteristics of the varieties and soil fertility, a 3 ft. sowing distance is generally adopted, ie a large row spacing of 1.8 feet and a small row spacing of 1.2 feet. The nests are 6 inches apart, 6600 nests are planted on acres, or 2.8 feet are planted, with a 1.8-foot row spacing, 1 foot row spacing, and 7100 litter acres. Sowing requires deep, straight and even. That is deep plow, deep species, deep cover soil, sowing depth of 7.5 inches. Sowing must be done on sunny or cloudy days. Do not sow on rainy days or sow after heavy rains. 6 sets of planting sites (adopted at 1200 meters below) or 5.5 feet (adopted at places above 1200 meters) to open the car, 3 feet to plant 2 rows of spring potatoes from late January to mid-February, with a distance of 1 foot between the two rows. Afterwards, the two rows of cover soil will be covered with a ridge. The company will plant two rows of corn from late March to early April.
5. Rational fertilization
The base fertilizer is mainly applied to fully decompose farmyard manure and potato special fertilizers, and 1500-2500 kilograms of manure is applied per acre, 60-80 kilograms of special fertilizer for potatoes, or 40 kilograms of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. After the seedlings are released, combine the cultivator to re-apply a quick-improvement seedling fertilizer, and mu urea is about 10 kilograms; when the seedling is about 20 cm high, combine the soil and then apply a joint of potato fertilizer, and use 700 kilograms of manure to inject. During the potato stage (before and after flowering), shoots and leaves were sprayed with 3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 3% urea solution for 1 or 2 times, and 0.1% copper sulfate and boric acid were added to the top dressing to increase yield.
6. Cultivating management
After the potato emerges, it should be cultivated and weeded in time. About one month after emergence, the first cultivating, weeding and earth-cultivation were carried out. One part of the soil in the blank line was cultivated on the potato line. A month or so later, a second cultivator, weeding and earth-cultivation were performed. On the planting line, the loquat height will reach 6 inches to 9 inches so that the loquat surface will form a ridge and the empty rows will form a ditch. This will facilitate irrigation during spring drought, and will facilitate drainage when summer rainfall concentrates. In general, two to three times of cultivator cultivation are used to achieve deep deep cover, so as to ensure the nutrients and moisture needed for potato growth, so that the potato tubers are all buried deep within the soil to increase the amount of tuber and increase the yield.
7. Pick flowers to buds
For the strong berry variety, after budding, the buds should be removed in time to avoid the nutrient consumption caused by flowering and ensure the nutrient supply of the tuber.
8. Disease prevention and treatment
The greatest disease that harms the potato is late blight, which can be controlled by drugs. Field sprays were performed with mancozeb, metalaxyl, and metalaxyl manganese zinc. The first application was about one month after emergence and the first time of cultivating, weeding, and earth-cultivation, the second time the drug was used for the third time during the budding period of the artichoke, and the third time the drug was used in high temperature and high humidity weather. Pesticides should be used interchangeably to avoid drug resistance.
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