Winter comes, accompanied by winter rain, snow, freezing damage, etc. The following article analyzes the impact of low temperature on vegetable growth, and proposes comprehensive prevention and post-disaster remedial measures for freezing rain and snow disasters for reference by farmers.
In the winter and spring seasons, strong cold air activities are prone to occur, often with frost, ice and snow, rainy weather accompanied by strong winds, and severe temperature drop, which have extremely adverse effects on the production of vegetable facilities, and sometimes even devastating disasters. In order to strengthen the prevention of severe weather, vegetable farmers will take certain measures.
1The effect of low temperature on the growth and development of vegetables
1.1 Seedling growth dysplasia
The cotyledon stage of the seedlings is damaged by low temperature, and the leaf margin of the cotyledons is chlorotic, with white edges. The cucumber seedlings are damaged, the cotyledons are pale, and there are small old seedlings or a large number of dead seedlings; the true leaves are weak, white spots appear after freezing, the leaves are dehydrated and turn yellow-white, the veins remain green at the beginning, the unaffected parts can continue to grow, and the seriously ill seedlings suffer. The part gradually became dry. The seedlings affected by low temperature do not slow down or slow down the seedlings after planting, which affects the yield and time to market.
1.2 Seedling stage low temperature disease
When the seedling stage encounters low temperature, especially low ground temperature, physiological roots are prone to occur. New roots are not produced for a long time, and the roots are less or completely absent. Some old roots are yellow and rust brown, and gradually decay. At the beginning of the roots, the leaves of the seedlings became thinner, the sun was wilted after the sun was shining, the leaves were burnt, and the whole plant was dead, and the diseased seedlings were easily pulled out from the soil. At the same time, when the seedlings encounter low temperature, it is easy to induce seedling diseases, such as rickets, blight, and diseases. When the temperature is seriously damaged, the growth point of the plant is frozen, and the young part of the top is water-stained, and then the water loses and sag, forming a bald tip.
1.3 Adult stage low temperature hazard
When the vegetable is in the low temperature stage, the physiological metabolism is disordered, the leaves are twisted, the irregular white spots or pale brown spots appear on the leaves, and the leaves are dry. The fruiting results show the flower topping, falling flowers, fruit, deformed fruit and whole plants. Symptoms such as death, reduce the value of goods, seriously affect production, and even production.
2 Precautions for freezing rain and snow disasters
2.1 Pay attention to or listen to the weather forecast
Vegetable farmers can find the weather information of the whole country in the next few days, or call the Hubei Provincial Meteorological Service Hotline “12121†to quickly and easily listen to the latest weather information, including the weather forecast for the next 72 hours and the week, and the latest weather disaster warning information.
2.2 Reinforce and seal the facility in advance
According to the weather conditions of freezing rain and snow disasters that have occurred over the years, strengthen the facilities in time, carefully inspect and reinforce the areas where the greenhouses are easy to loosen, adjust the tightness of the laminating lines, and timely repair the damaged parts of the agricultural film to avoid ventilation.
2.3 Choose a film with better light transmission and better insulation effect
Multi-functional membranes with good light transmission and heat preservation effect, such as no drip film, EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) film, diffuse reflection film, etc., are selected.
2.4 Multi-layer coverage
When the weather of freezing rain and snow disaster comes, timely cover in the greenhouse, such as erection of small sheds, small arch sheds, combined with film covering, covering grass curtains, paper quilts, sacks, non-woven fabrics, sunshade nets, etc. at night to strengthen insulation. The warm vegetables of solanaceous fruits and melons should cover more than 3 layers, sealing vents and inner sheds.
2.5 Increase the geothermal storage in the greenhouse
Cover the mulch film and small arch shed early, add organic fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer, cover the corn stalk, chaff and sawdust on the walkway in the shed, and choose the sunny weather to pour anti-freeze water before cooling, reduce the air humidity in the shed, and increase the temperature and heat preservation.
2.6 Clear snow in time
The next morning after the snow, we should try to remove the snow from the shed and the surrounding area, so that the shed can receive light as much as possible, and if necessary, add support columns in the shed. Immediately after the snow, clear the ditch to eliminate snow and water, and prevent the heat from being absorbed by the large amount of heat when the snow and ice melt.
2.7 Supplemental heating
When the cold and cold weather comes, if the temperature condition is still not met by the multi-layer coverage, it can be supplemented with light at night, light warming, electric heating line or coal briquettes.
2.8 Selection of varieties with strong resistance
Winter and spring facility vegetable production, variety selection is very important, especially for warm fruits and vegetables, should pay attention to choose cold, cold, low temperature and low light, more resistant to moisture.
2.9 Correct determination of sowing date and planting period
According to different types of vegetables, different varieties, local climate characteristics, thermal insulation performance of facilities, etc., the sowing period and the planting period should be correctly determined, and it should not be blindly early. Planting and planting should choose a windless sunny day with a cold head.
2.10 Low temperature exercise during seedling stage
When germination, seeds that have not been exposed to the seed coat and germinated are placed at a low temperature of -2 °C for 2 to 5 hours. After being slowly thawed and re-germinated, it can make the buds strong and cold-resistant; Control the temperature, use large temperature difference management, prevent the length of the seedlings, improve the resistance of the seedlings; 2 days before the seedlings and planting, strengthen ventilation and low temperature refining.
2.11 Reasonable topdressing
Before the advent of the cold wave, pay attention to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to avoid plant growth. If necessary, foliar spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, compound brown sugar 150 times solution, spray 2~3 times or spray cold resistance agent 1～ 2 times.
2.12 Reasonable watering
Choose to water on sunny days, small water and water, it is best to use drip irrigation under the membrane, seepage irrigation to prevent water temperature from falling.
3 Remedial measures after the freezing rain and snow disaster
3.1 Remedy for mild victimization
There are only scattered yellow spots, and the rest of the plants are in poor condition. The following measures can be taken.
1 foliar spray
For plants with mild frost damage, it can be sprayed with rice vinegar 300 times + glucose powder 150 times + chitin 500 times solution, or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be added to supplement nutrients, increase the sugar content of the leaf meat, and increase the hardness of the leaves. Improve cold resistance; spray plant cold-resistant protective agents to enhance plant resistance. Note that foliar application should be done with warm water as much as possible. Do not use auxin hormones to prevent cold resistance.
2 timely ventilation
After the weather turns fine, the cover in the greenhouse will be removed in time, and the air will be ventilated in the lee of the greenhouse to eliminate harmful gases. In the rainy weather, the opaque coverings in the greenhouse should also be uncovered in time, and ventilation should be ventilated around noon to eliminate harmful gases in the shed.
3 to prevent "flash seedlings" from wilting
After continuous rainy or snowy weather, it will suddenly turn fine. When ventilation, gradually increase the ventilation from small to large to prevent the plant from suddenly seeing light and appear wilting. If it is found to be wilting, it should be covered with paper, shade net, non-woven fabric, etc. Spray water properly, re-open after recovery, and repeatedly cover, after 2 to 3 days, you can transfer to normal management.
4 strengthen pest control
Low temperature, high humidity and low light conditions are easy to cause low temperature diseases such as gray mold and disease. In the field management, attention should be paid to reduce the humidity in the shed, and timely use chlorothalonil or procymidone to prevent and control the pests and diseases.
3.2 Moderately victimized remedies
Some of the leaves are wilting and dry, or the leaves are dry yellow. Most of the leaves and growth points are intact, and the heart leaves can grow quickly. For moderate damage, the following measures can be taken.
1 slowly seeing light
After the disaster, the frozen vegetables can not be directly exposed to direct sunlight. They can be covered with a small shed film in the shed indoors with a sunshade net, non-woven fabric or newspaper, or directly covered with frozen vegetables to make the frozen vegetables slow. Thaw and restore growth.
2 slowly warming up
After the weather is fine, you should not use the measures of rapid temperature rise to thaw. In addition to shading, you can also take measures such as releasing air to make the temperature of the shed slowly rise.
3 application of disease prevention
After the vegetables are frozen, the growth potential is weak, and diseases such as gray mold are prone to occur. After the vegetables are restored to growth, the frozen part will be cut off, the diseased, yellow and old leaves will be removed, and the disease will be induced by the mildew of the frozen tissue, and smoked with 10% keeling (Pythium).
Regarding the comprehensive preventive measures for facility vegetables in freezing rain and snow, we have said this today. If you think that you are helpful to you, please share the benefits to others!
The Network CCTV Wireless Security Camera
Compared with wired cameras, wireless security cameras are less invasive to your home, so they are easier and faster to set up. No need to drill through walls or ceilings. Wireless cameras are also more flexible than wired systems because they are not as constrained as wired systems.
The biggest disadvantage of a wireless Camera System is that it is completely dependent on the strength of your Wi-Fi connection. Any interruption or weak signal can mean that you may lose connection to the system, resulting in the loss of the film, which can be critical
Best wireless outdoor security camera overall Ring Floodlight Cam Wired Plus.
Best wireless outdoor security camera: Fuvision 4G PTZ WiFi Camera
Best outdoor security camera : 4g Outdoor Wireless Camera
Working principle of camera
The working principle of the camera is to reflect the light to the sensor, convert the signal captured by the sensor into a digital signal, and finally send it to the computer to display the image. Then the camera can capture the static and dynamic images in the picture.
The sensor of the camera is the most important part. It can capture light and convert it into electrical signals. There are many types of sensors, the most common are CCD and CMOS sensors, which can be used to capture images.
The internal circuit of the camera will convert the signal captured by the sensor into a digital signal and send it to the computer. The computer uses these signals to display images, or it can save images to the hard disk drive.
If the camera is not connected to the network, it will not be able to achieve real-time monitoring, but the camera will still work and save the pictures and videos taken. If we need to view, we can only remove the memory for viewing.
The smart camera can also support remote monitoring. You can remotely view the real-time image of the camera through your mobile phone or computer. Users can view the image of the camera anytime, anywhere, to better protect the security of your home or office.
Wireless Security Camera,Panoramic solar camera,Panoramic HD surveillance camera,automatic tracking camera,Network CCTV Camera 1080P
Shenzhen Fuvision Electronics Co., Ltd. , https://www.outdoorsolarcameras.com