(I) Conventional cultivated plastic trim
Pandan branches rarely bloom on the periphery of the canopy, and most of them bloom on the main branches, main branches, and the lower branches of the sub-branches. These lateral branches are thick and short, resulting in great results and high commodity value. However, the axillary buds on the branches of Panyu are enclosed by petioles. If the leaves do not fall off, the axillary buds cannot germinate. Therefore, although the sweet-stem branches can last as long as 1 meter or more, in natural circumstances, there are rarely 2 shoots in the year, resulting in fewer branches, sparse crowns, small leaf area indices, and low yields. Therefore, in order to cultivate and create a large number of rough and robust lateral branches, it is necessary to carry out plastic surgery and pruning. Within the 1-2 years after planting, 4-6 main branches are selected from the main trunk to extend to each other, do not overlap with each other, have a proper spacing, and have a large branching angle. The first main branch is 30-40 cm from the ground, and each main branch Vertical distance 10-15 cm, main branch left 50-60 cm short cut, promote germination, choose to leave 4-5 vice main branch, cultivate into a dwarf, multi main branch main trunk tree, and then grow stubby on it Robust result branches. It is generally the new shoot that germinates and grows. It is about 20 centimeters in length after being grown to promote bold growth. In order to promote branching, it is necessary to remove the appropriate amount of leaves in the middle and expose axillary buds in order to germinate and draw new shoots.
The juvenile tree is dominated by remodeling, combined with the cultivation of main branches and sub-branches, and promotion of shoots germination in the spring or summer and autumn.
The results were pruned from late December to early March. Cut off the upright branches, dead branches, pests and branches, and the resulting residual branches, retract the elongated branches, and shorten the branches of stems that are dry due to low temperatures. After 25-35 days of pruning in winter, buds will shoot new branches, so it should not be too early for winter shears. If the pruning is done before the winter solstice, after the north wind is cut off, the temperature will drop and it will be difficult to bud. Even if the shoots are in flowering, they often fall. Even if the fruit is set up, the temperature suddenly drops due to the cold invasion and the young fruit suffers blackening or fruit drop. According to Taiwan's experience, the winter cuts of Panxi Zhizhi should be moderate. If they are lightly cut, there are many small sticks, early flowering, and the branches are easily sag and land, affecting the management and fruit quality. The nutrients are scattered and the fruit is small; if it is too strong, it is easy to cut. The growth of the ground and the underground is unbalanced, and the latent buds below the short cut are clustered, increasing the inconvenience of pest control and other management, and the result is reduced.
In addition, if there are too many fruits on the same branch, appropriate fruit thinning should be carried out. First, pests, deformed fruits, sun-burning fruits and wind-breaking fruits should be sparsely removed, and then some small fruits should be eliminated according to the tree vigor and fruit distribution to reduce the number of shoots. Tree burden, prevent tree weakness, improve the ratio and quality of large fruit.
(B) Pruning of the cultivating period
The flower bud differentiation of Annona squamosa is not strict with the environmental conditions. As long as the tree is robust, sufficient storage of nutrients, and the emergence of new shoots can be accompanied by flowering, the climate and cultivation conditions are good, it can set fruit and develop into a fruit with commercial value. Therefore, you can use the method of topping or short-cutting to promote the sprouting and flowering of new shoots, so as to increase the amount of flowers or adjust the flowering period, fruit harvest period and market supply.
In Taiwan, the fruits of Pansy branch are listed on the market from June to September, which are accompanied by a large number of fruits, such as mango, litchi, longan, banana, pineapple and Lianwu, which are extremely unfavorable to the sale and price of Pansy that is not resistant to storage and transportation. At the time of the typhoon season, it was vulnerable to damage and reduced crop failure. Therefore, in the winter warm season, the fruit can be safely overwintered, and the maternity adjustment is carried out. In addition to the natural flowering results, the fruit is harvested (from July to September, summer trimming (from early July to mid-September) is also carried out after fruit picking. A short cut and removal of the upper 2-4 leaves of the shoots resulted in the emergence of new shoots and flowering results on the short-cut, de-leaved shoots.The fruits of these flowers were marketed from November to March of the following year, making the year In addition to April-June, there are fresh fruits on the market and better economic returns.
Summer scissors first cut dense branches, leggy branches, delicate branches, dead branches, pests and diseases, and adventitious buds on the trunk and main branches, so that the light is improved, the ventilation is good, the tree vigor is adjusted, and the remaining branches are promoted. It is 30%-40% of the total amount of leaves. Followed by the adjustment of the trimming of the maternity period, we selected the fine shoots that were born in the trunk, the main branch, the deputy main branches, and the thick lateral branches, and then developed the fine shoots and transverse shoots, leaving a short cut of 6-10 cm and removing them. Leave the leaves on the branches and shoot buds after 7-15 days, followed by flower buds and flowering. Because the pruning has successively, budding, flowering also has successively, and the flowering period is longer, the fruit maturity period is also longer.
The better the summer cuts are to adjust the growth of the tree, the better the loss of nutrients. The pruning that regulates the maternity period should be completed before the white dew, and it should not exceed the cold dew at the latest. Otherwise it will be cold and dry, and it will be difficult to sprout, flower, or fall seriously, and the result will be bad.
After the summer shear, there are no leaves or less hanging leaves on the side branches, which means that the garden is cleared and the pesticides are sprayed to prevent the growth of the shoots and flowers. It is not appropriate to regulate cultivation in the perinatal period due to the low temperature in winter and the lack of sunshine in autumn and winter, as well as in areas with long spring plum rain, falling flowers and fruit, and serious diseases and insect pests.
Pandan branches rarely bloom on the periphery of the canopy, and most of them bloom on the main branches, main branches, and the lower branches of the sub-branches. These lateral branches are thick and short, resulting in great results and high commodity value. However, the axillary buds on the branches of Panyu are enclosed by petioles. If the leaves do not fall off, the axillary buds cannot germinate. Therefore, although the sweet-stem branches can last as long as 1 meter or more, in natural circumstances, there are rarely 2 shoots in the year, resulting in fewer branches, sparse crowns, small leaf area indices, and low yields. Therefore, in order to cultivate and create a large number of rough and robust lateral branches, it is necessary to carry out plastic surgery and pruning. Within the 1-2 years after planting, 4-6 main branches are selected from the main trunk to extend to each other, do not overlap with each other, have a proper spacing, and have a large branching angle. The first main branch is 30-40 cm from the ground, and each main branch Vertical distance 10-15 cm, main branch left 50-60 cm short cut, promote germination, choose to leave 4-5 vice main branch, cultivate into a dwarf, multi main branch main trunk tree, and then grow stubby on it Robust result branches. It is generally the new shoot that germinates and grows. It is about 20 centimeters in length after being grown to promote bold growth. In order to promote branching, it is necessary to remove the appropriate amount of leaves in the middle and expose axillary buds in order to germinate and draw new shoots.
The juvenile tree is dominated by remodeling, combined with the cultivation of main branches and sub-branches, and promotion of shoots germination in the spring or summer and autumn.
The results were pruned from late December to early March. Cut off the upright branches, dead branches, pests and branches, and the resulting residual branches, retract the elongated branches, and shorten the branches of stems that are dry due to low temperatures. After 25-35 days of pruning in winter, buds will shoot new branches, so it should not be too early for winter shears. If the pruning is done before the winter solstice, after the north wind is cut off, the temperature will drop and it will be difficult to bud. Even if the shoots are in flowering, they often fall. Even if the fruit is set up, the temperature suddenly drops due to the cold invasion and the young fruit suffers blackening or fruit drop. According to Taiwan's experience, the winter cuts of Panxi Zhizhi should be moderate. If they are lightly cut, there are many small sticks, early flowering, and the branches are easily sag and land, affecting the management and fruit quality. The nutrients are scattered and the fruit is small; if it is too strong, it is easy to cut. The growth of the ground and the underground is unbalanced, and the latent buds below the short cut are clustered, increasing the inconvenience of pest control and other management, and the result is reduced.
In addition, if there are too many fruits on the same branch, appropriate fruit thinning should be carried out. First, pests, deformed fruits, sun-burning fruits and wind-breaking fruits should be sparsely removed, and then some small fruits should be eliminated according to the tree vigor and fruit distribution to reduce the number of shoots. Tree burden, prevent tree weakness, improve the ratio and quality of large fruit.
(B) Pruning of the cultivating period
The flower bud differentiation of Annona squamosa is not strict with the environmental conditions. As long as the tree is robust, sufficient storage of nutrients, and the emergence of new shoots can be accompanied by flowering, the climate and cultivation conditions are good, it can set fruit and develop into a fruit with commercial value. Therefore, you can use the method of topping or short-cutting to promote the sprouting and flowering of new shoots, so as to increase the amount of flowers or adjust the flowering period, fruit harvest period and market supply.
In Taiwan, the fruits of Pansy branch are listed on the market from June to September, which are accompanied by a large number of fruits, such as mango, litchi, longan, banana, pineapple and Lianwu, which are extremely unfavorable to the sale and price of Pansy that is not resistant to storage and transportation. At the time of the typhoon season, it was vulnerable to damage and reduced crop failure. Therefore, in the winter warm season, the fruit can be safely overwintered, and the maternity adjustment is carried out. In addition to the natural flowering results, the fruit is harvested (from July to September, summer trimming (from early July to mid-September) is also carried out after fruit picking. A short cut and removal of the upper 2-4 leaves of the shoots resulted in the emergence of new shoots and flowering results on the short-cut, de-leaved shoots.The fruits of these flowers were marketed from November to March of the following year, making the year In addition to April-June, there are fresh fruits on the market and better economic returns.
Summer scissors first cut dense branches, leggy branches, delicate branches, dead branches, pests and diseases, and adventitious buds on the trunk and main branches, so that the light is improved, the ventilation is good, the tree vigor is adjusted, and the remaining branches are promoted. It is 30%-40% of the total amount of leaves. Followed by the adjustment of the trimming of the maternity period, we selected the fine shoots that were born in the trunk, the main branch, the deputy main branches, and the thick lateral branches, and then developed the fine shoots and transverse shoots, leaving a short cut of 6-10 cm and removing them. Leave the leaves on the branches and shoot buds after 7-15 days, followed by flower buds and flowering. Because the pruning has successively, budding, flowering also has successively, and the flowering period is longer, the fruit maturity period is also longer.
The better the summer cuts are to adjust the growth of the tree, the better the loss of nutrients. The pruning that regulates the maternity period should be completed before the white dew, and it should not exceed the cold dew at the latest. Otherwise it will be cold and dry, and it will be difficult to sprout, flower, or fall seriously, and the result will be bad.
After the summer shear, there are no leaves or less hanging leaves on the side branches, which means that the garden is cleared and the pesticides are sprayed to prevent the growth of the shoots and flowers. It is not appropriate to regulate cultivation in the perinatal period due to the low temperature in winter and the lack of sunshine in autumn and winter, as well as in areas with long spring plum rain, falling flowers and fruit, and serious diseases and insect pests.
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