The same is fertilizing, why do people's crops grow good and strong? The fruit is much better and better? The amount of fertilizer is not smaller than him, but it is not his high yield. Why is this? In fact, there are many misunderstandings in fertilization, not paying attention. If it is not easy to cause improper fertilization, resulting in poor fertilizer efficiency, slow effect, and even cause plant death. Here are a few misunderstandings to see if you have encountered:
Double chlorine fertilizer
The compound fertilizer produced by ammonium chloride and potassium chloride is called double-chlorine fertilizer, and contains about 30% chlorine. It is easy to burn seedlings and should be watered in time. Chlorine-free fertilizers cannot be applied to saline-alkali and chlorine-sensitive crops. Excessive application of potassium chloride to leaves (stem) vegetables not only causes the vegetables to be less tender and more fibrous, but also makes the vegetables taste bitter, with poor mouthfeel and low benefits. The urea-based compound fertilizer has high nitrogen content, and the biuret has a slightly high nitrogen content. It is easy to burn the seedlings, and attention should be paid to watering and fertilization depth.
2. Only apply base fertilizer, no top dressing
Many users are afraid of trouble. After applying the base fertilizer, they will no longer topdress. This method of fertilization is unscientific. Crops require less nutrients in the early stage. After applying the base fertilizer, they can ensure the long-term crops' nutrient demand. However, even some fertilizers with sufficient stamina have limited fertilizer duration, especially for the ability to maintain fertilizer and water retention. The sandy loam soil is more likely to cause de-fertilization without timely topdressing. Therefore, crops that have been growing for more than 2 months should be properly topdressed to ensure the nutrient demand for the crop during its vigorous growth period.
3. The same formula, the same amount, the same effect
The reason is very simple. The main difference between fat people and thin people is not the problem of eating more and less, but the problem of more or less absorption. The same is true for fertilizers. The same amount of formula has the same difference in nutrient utilization due to the product itself. This is why some products with low total nutrient content are better than products with higher nutrient content.
4. After using the compound fertilizer, other fertilizers will not be used.
Some users believe that it is wrong to apply other fertilizers after applying the compound fertilizer. Generally, compound fertilizers generally contain only nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. A small number of varieties contain zinc and boron. If you do not pay attention to timely supplementing effective medium-micro nutrient elements and organically activated nutrients, it will also have a serious impact on crop quality and yield, and the income will decline. .
5. Fruit trees look at flowers and fertilize
The flowering of fruit trees depends largely on the tree potential. In order to make the fruit trees have more flower buds and multi-fruits in the second year, the fertilizer should be applied in the last year. Especially after fruit fertilization is very important: because the fruit is damaged by the fruit In case of vitality, nutrients should be replenished in time to restore fruit trees, enhance the resistance of fruit trees, and ensure the production capacity of fruit trees in the second year.
Some people like to apply winter fertilizer, although it is useful, but it is not the best time, because the most important part of the fruit tree to absorb nutrients is in the roots. When entering winter, the roots of the trees are almost dormant, the ability to absorb nutrients is very weak, and the fruit trees are fertilized. The best time is before the leaves are picked. The most direct result of flower fertilization is the obvious size of the fruit trees.
6. The faster the fertilizer dissolves, the better.
The need for nutrients in crops is the same as that of people. Every day, the amount of absorption is limited, the dissolution is fast, the crops are not absorbed, and it is waste. Therefore, this is the main reason why some products are added to the sustained release agent, which is to ensure the crops have nutrients. Needed the whole process. However, fertilizers with slow release agents should not be used as top dressing, because if the rate of nutrient release cannot keep up with the demand for nutrients, there will be early defermentation of crops.
7. expensive price = high cost
Since fertilizer belongs to the production data category and non-direct consumer goods, the basis for analyzing the cost is not the price but the input-output ratio. If the same amount or the same input, the product brings high benefit and high output. The cost of a product is low.
8. Topdressing partial nitrogen fertilizer
Many users apply nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate and urea in topdressing. Although this will have obvious effects on the growth of crops, it will not bring about an increase in production for users, because nitrogen is important for pre-crop growth. However, with the growth of crops, the demand for phosphorus, potassium, micro and organic nutrients is getting higher and higher, and the need for nitrogen is reduced. The partial application of nitrogen fertilizer will only make crops prosper, vegetative growth and reproductive growth disorders, with fewer results or Greedy and late, the taste is poor.
9. The yield is not good, the fertilizer is not good.
A few users think that the production is not the cause of fertilizer. In fact, there are many reasons for the lack of production, such as weather, soil quality, fertilization methods, pests and diseases, fertilizer selection, seeds, pesticides and field management. Investigate that fertilizer is only one of the factors.
10. The closer to the stem of the plant when fertilizing, the more easily the fertilizer is absorbed.
This is a phenomenon that exists in rural areas, and this method of fertilization has great harm. Because the part of the plant that absorbs nutrients is in the root hair area, the plant stems and roots (except the root hair area) absorb little or no nutrients, and the closer to the stem of the plant when fertilizing (except the seedling stage), the more nutrient absorption site of the fertilizer from the plant Far, so the less easy to be absorbed, if the application of too much fertilizer, the concentration is too large, it is prone to "burning seedlings" phenomenon.
Therefore, when fertilizing, the fertilization position should be determined according to the growth of the plant's shoots and the root growth of the shoots to ensure the fertilization effect. Some fruit farmers also often apply fertilizer to the ditch when applying fertilizer. This is not right. Because fruit trees absorb fertilizers in two ways, one is done by their own power, and the other is done by infiltration of soil solution. When the concentration of the solution in the root environment is high, reverse osmosis occurs and rooting occurs. The correct way is to mix the organic fertilizer and the soil before applying it to the ditch. It is best to apply water-soluble fertilizer after mixing soil or dilute and then watering, or immediately after fertilization to avoid burning roots.
11. Pay attention to chemical fertilizers and despise the role of organic fertilizers
China's traditional fertilization refers to organic fertilizer, the use of organic fertilizer has been thousands of years. Organic fertilizers have a very high nutritional content for fruit trees, but they are also inconvenient to use. In recent years, the country has developed high-yield and high-efficiency fertilizers, which can immediately increase production. Therefore, some fruit farmers ignore the role of organic fertilizer, the application rate is decreasing year by year, and even some orchards no longer apply organic fertilizer, relying solely on chemical fertilizer to maintain production.
Caused by soil compaction and reduced fruit quality. In addition, most orchards are built on sloping land, and a large amount of transportation and labor is also one of the reasons for the decline in fruit quality. The role of organic fertilizers in fruit tree production is irreplaceable, and the application of organic fertilizers to fruit trees must be emphasized.
12. After the crops are deficient, fertilize again.
After the fertilizer is applied, it takes 3-5 days in the paddy field to be absorbed and utilized by the crop. It takes 5-7 days for the dry land to be absorbed and utilized. Therefore, if the crop is deficient after fertilization, the crop deficiency time will be lengthened. The production is reduced. Therefore, the fertilization work should be carried out according to the characteristics of crops requiring fertilizer. The paddy field should be fertilized 5-7 days in advance, and the dry land should be fertilized 8-10 days in advance.
At the same time, the nutrient absorption of crops is also related to light, temperature, water, fertilization methods (such as dry application, drenching, root dressing, etc.). Strong light, high temperature, and sufficient water will accelerate the absorption of crop nutrients. On the contrary, the absorption will slow down. The root dressing is directly absorbed by the leaves because of the nutrients. Therefore, it can be applied slowly, but the concentration is low to prevent damage to the leaves. The leaching can directly infiltrate the fertilizer into the root of the plant, and it can be applied quickly. It can also be applied slowly. The dry application is slow and should be applied early.
13. As long as the fertilizer is applied, high yield can be obtained.
The types and amounts of nutrients required for the whole growth period of various crops and different growth periods are different. If fertilization is not based on the fertilizer characteristics of the crop, the first is to reduce the crop's deficiency, stress resistance and disease resistance, resulting in reduced yield and quality; second, to make some crops less or basically not absorbed. The residue or loss of nutrients causes waste of fertilizer. Therefore, the type and quantity of fertilization should be determined according to the growth characteristics of the plant, and the fertilizer effect should be fully exerted.
14. The more fertilization, the higher the benefit
According to the principle of diminishing returns, when the fertilization reaches a certain amount, the input-output ratio decreases, and the benefit decreases. If too much fertilization, it will result in reduced production. Therefore, according to the fertilizer characteristics of the whole growth period of the crop, soil fertility, crop planting density, etc., the principle of sufficient supply but not waste should be found to find the best fertilization scheme for fertilization, give full play to fertilizer efficiency and increase economic benefits.
15. As long as the crops grow well, they can get high yields.
The growth of crops includes two stages of vegetative growth and reproductive growth (except for leafy vegetables and meat stems). Applying nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage of growth can promote vegetative growth. However, if nitrogen fertilizer is applied in the reproductive growth period, it will cause crop greed, affect reproductive growth, hinder the conversion of nutrients, and reduce yield and quality. Therefore, fertilization should be carried out according to the growth of crops. In the early stage, nitrogen fertilizer is the main factor to promote vegetative growth. In the middle and later stages, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, micro and organic nutrients are combined to promote reproductive growth and improve quality and yield.
16. As long as the fertilizer is applied, it will have a fertilizer effect.
Fertilization efficiency is related to soil characteristics, crop nutrient absorption characteristics, fertilizer nutrient release characteristics, water, gas, heat and other conditions. If the influence of various factors is not fully considered, it is easy to cause nutrient loss and lack of fertilizer. .
The sandy soil has quick fertilizer effect, but the loss is also fast. Therefore, it should be carried out according to the principle of less application and multiple application. The clay loam is slow in fertilizer application, and the base fertilizer should be applied and the top dressing should be applied early. Potassium fertilizer is easy to dissolve, but the loss is also fast. Therefore, it should be fertilized according to the potassium requirement of the crop. The organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer have slow effect and less loss. It should be applied early, and the ammonium carbonate is highly volatile. It can be combined with organic fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer.æ–½ Fertilization after 1-2 days can reduce the loss of nutrients.
17. Fertilization area is not accurate
Some fruit farmers mistakenly believe that the root system in the near dry area is the main part of the fertilizer. Therefore, the fertilizer is often applied to the near dry place when fertilizing, and even piled up in the dry week, which does not play the role of fertilization. The correct fertilization range is to fertilize the annular groove at the edge of the crown projection.
The depth is mastered, 20-30 cm in adult fruit trees and 30-40 cm in young trees. If the application is too deep, the shallow roots will not absorb nutrients, and will not play much role in the formation of flower buds and the improvement of fruit quality, especially for dwarf fruit trees with shallow root distribution. Lead to low yield and poor quality. And deep fertilization costs labor.
18. Focus only on the amount of fertilization, not on nutrient content
Some compound fertilizers appearing on the market today are widely used in rural areas due to lower unit prices. These compound fertilizers generally have low levels of active ingredients or low or no content of one of the three major elements. However, farmers pay insufficient attention to these conditions and continue the fertilization habit of high-content compound fertilizers. Insufficient phosphorus and potassium cause crop shortage and deficiency, which affects yield and quality.
Therefore, when using these compound fertilizers, the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in these compound fertilizers should be fully understood, and according to the fertilizer characteristics of various crops, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, micro and organic nutrients should be used together to ensure the normal growth of crops. Increase production and income.
19. Ignore the balance between elements when fertilizing
Fruit tree growth needs to absorb a variety of nutrients, in addition to a large number of elements, medium and trace elements, organic activation nutrition is also very important. At the same time, the proportion of various elements in the soil also affects the absorption of fruit trees. Because of the promotion or antagonism between various elements. For example, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer inhibits the absorption of potassium, boron, copper, zinc, and phosphorus. Excessive phosphate fertilizer will inhibit the absorption of potassium and magnesium. However, in the actual production, some fruit farmers do not pay attention to or understand the balance of fertilizers. When fertilizing, nitrogen and phosphorus are the main factors, and other elements are applied less, which leads to the occurrence of deficiency syndrome, and the yield is not high and the quality is degraded.
The correct approach is to first understand the type of soil, the amount of nutrients in the soil, and the need for different nutrients at different stages of development. Different fertilizers are applied at different times. The amount of fertilizer applied is determined according to the yield. In order to avoid the occurrence of deficiency syndrome. To achieve the goal of high yield and quality. The soil testing formula fertilization technology can be adopted.
20. As long as a large amount of elemental fertilizer is used, it is surely sweet and sweet.
A large number of elements are the basic elements for the growth of crops, but some crops require more organically activated nutrients during the whole growth period or a certain growth period. At the same time, the soil lacks these nutrients. If it is not replenished in time, it will cause sweetness. Fruit is not fragrant, product yield and quality have dropped significantly.
Natural organic degradation products - such as humic acids and marine extracts - contain sugars, amino acids, organic acids, phenols, alkaloids, vitamins, celluloses, hormones, enzymes and their derivatives and intermediates Products and aromatic substances, which are soluble in water and directly absorbed by plants. Now collectively called organically activated nutrients, they can be directly absorbed and transformed by plants to make the fruits sweet and delicious.
Studies at home and abroad have shown that the fruit is full of aroma, sweet and delicious, and there are more than 240 kinds of volatile components in the fruit, mainly esters, aldehydes, alcohols, sulfur compounds, ketones and terpenoids. In the fruit expansion period, special attention should be paid to the internal nutrient transformation of the fruit, so that it can be supplemented with organically activated nutrients in a timely manner, so that the fruit is sweet and juicy, the flavor is rich, the aroma is fragrant, sweet and delicious.
21. Excessive use of certain nutrients
This will not only poison the crops, but also hinder the absorption of nutrients by the crops and cause deficiency. For example, excessive nitrogen application can cause calcium deficiency; excessive nitrate nitrogen can cause deficiency of molybdenum; excessive potassium will reduce the effectiveness of calcium, magnesium, and boron; excessive phosphorus will reduce the effectiveness of calcium, zinc, and boron.
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