Winter potato mulching

1. Deep ploughing and land preparation

Deep plowing can make the soil loose, have good air permeability, improve the soil's water storage, fertilizer retention and drought resistance capabilities, improve soil physical properties, and create good conditions for potato root growth and tuber expansion. The penetration of potato fibrous roots is poor. Before the tuber emerges after sowing, the better the root system develops in the soil, and the stronger the plant growth after the seedling emerges, the higher the yield. Therefore, deep plowing is the basis for ensuring high yield of potatoes. The ploughing depth is generally required to be 18-20cm, and the land is strictly leveled and finely broken.

Second, apply foot fertilizer

Apply 20 kg of formula fertilizer and 20 kg of phosphate fertilizer or superphosphate per mu.

Three, select good varieties

Improved seeds are the internal cause of increased production, and film coating is the key to high yield. The mulching must be combined with the improved varieties, and the improved varieties must be combined with the virus-free varieties in order to achieve the goal of stable and high yield. The selection of high-quality varieties should be based on early-maturing and virus-free potatoes, such as early-maturing varieties such as Charcoal, Favorita, Atlantic, and virus-free 175, with some good local varieties. Before sowing, select seed potatoes and accelerating germination treatment to facilitate the early development of young shoots and reduce the damage of ring rot, late blight and other diseases.

Four, germination before sowing

How to mulch potato planting well? Plastic film mulching cultivation techniques for potato in winter?

Accelerating germination before sowing can make potato sprouts root faster and emerge early, which is conducive to the fullness of seedlings, seedlings, seedling strength and early plant development, so that early potatoes are conducive to high yield. Potatoes that are sowed with accelerated germination can increase their yield compared with those without accelerated germination. %the above. The bud length should be 0.5-1.0cm on the whole potato or cut pieces to be germinated. During the germination process, the seed potato should be turned frequently to make the germination uniform and strong.

5. Ridging and mulching

Potatoes are cultivated with plastic film mulching, using wide ridges and double-row dense planting. First, the seed potatoes are arranged in accordance with the large row of 1.8 feet, the small row of 1.2 feet, and the plant spacing of 1 foot. The seed potatoes are placed on the field with each size, and then ridged and covered with film. Plant 2 rows per sowing zone, planting 4024 plants per mu.

Sixth, timely sowing

Our township usually sows from mid-October to early November. The sowing amount depends on the size of the seed potatoes, generally about 250-300 kg. When planting on soil moisture, plant it with a row spacing of 7-8 inches and a plant spacing of 6-7 inches. The number of plants is maintained at 3500-4200, and the sowing depth is 18-20cm. Before sowing, open two fertilization ditches with a depth of 10 cm on the soil surface, mix the fertilizer and phoxim evenly, and spread them in the ditch. After covering the soil, place the seed potatoes in the ditch according to the plant spacing requirements, cover with soil and cover with film .

7. Field management

The most important thing in potato mulching cultivation is to put seedlings. Check the seedlings at any time during the emergence period and release the seedlings in time to prevent the seedlings from contacting the mulch film to burn or burn to death; timely replant and transplant the missing seedling holes to ensure that the seedlings are all in place. Late irrigation should be carried out during the potato seedling stage and the late flowering stage, and the irrigation amount should not exceed 1/2 of the ridge height (half-ditch) to keep the soil loose and moist in order to facilitate the expansion and growth of potato pieces. Squatting the seedlings from budding to blooming period is not suitable for irrigation.

How to mulch potato planting well? Plastic film mulching cultivation techniques for potato in winter?

8. Pest control

1. Disease prevention and control: To prevent early blight and late blight, spray with 25% metalaxyl 1.5kg/hm2 and spray once every 7 days; you can also dress seeds with 0.1%-0.2% of the seed potato weight of dexone plus grass wood ash .

2. Pest control: spray with 50% dichlorvos EC 500 times liquid, or 40% dimethoate emulsion 1000-2000 times liquid, or 20% Dimethoate EC 2000 times liquid spray, to get good results . For underground pests, agricultural control measures such as deep turning and killing of stubble, application of decomposed manure, eradication of field weeds, and reasonable rotation of stubble can be adopted, or poisonous bait can be used to trap and kill.

Nine, timely harvest

How to mulch potato planting well? Plastic film mulching cultivation techniques for potato in winter?

The plants can be harvested when they reach physiological maturity. The sign of physiological maturity is that most of the stems and leaves turn from green to yellow and wither, and the tubers stop expanding and are easily separated from the plants. Early-maturing varieties can reach physiological maturity in normal years, and middle- and late-maturing varieties remain green until the frost period, and can be harvested after the stems and leaves are frosted.

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