After the hot summer passes, the sunshine is gradually shortened, and the warm and cold air alternates after the fall. For hens that have been laying eggs for a long time, the body is already fatigued. If the management is careless, it is easy to stop moulting. During the period of production, the nutrient level of laying hens should be strengthened, daily management should be strengthened, and the aquaculture efficiency should be improved. Therefore, this issue introduces a group of autumn laying hens for reference by farmers.
Daily management
Adjust the flock to eliminate out-of-breed chickens, discontinued chickens, weak chickens, frozen chickens, chickens with severe evil chickens, short laying time, overweight, overweight, overweight, or no treatment value. Good performance, strong physique, normal egg production.
The environmental management strictly controls the temperature of the chicken house and requires the house to be well-ventilated and dry, with no smell in the air. Adjust relative humidity and ventilation. The relative humidity of the chicken house is required to be 55% to 65%. After 4 weeks of age, the relative humidity can be reduced to about 50%. The humidity should not be too high, otherwise the chicks will suffer from poor appetite and frail health, delaying sexual maturity and postponing production. . If the ventilation is poor, harmful gases in the air will increase, the humidity will increase, and the oxygen content will decrease, which will cause the reserve hens to stunt and postpone the opening date.
Supplemental illumination The natural light in autumn is gradually shortened, the illumination time is short, and the longer the sexual maturation time is reached, the layer hens should be supplemented with light after 15 weeks of age to meet their sexual maturity needs. After the end of September, the natural lighting of the layer of chickens is less than 12 hours, and artificial light must be added for 1 to 14 hours. Pay attention to the regularity of artificial supplementary lighting, turn on the lights on time, turn off the lights on time and persevere. When supplementing light, the light intensity is preferably 3 watts per square meter. Turn on the light twice a day, turn on the light at the first time from 4 to 5 o'clock in the morning and turn off the light at the morning light, turn off the light at the time of turning on the light at the 2nd darkness to 20 to 21. In the event of cloudy weather, the lights must be turned on during the day.
Forced moulting
In the fall, the adult laying hens have lost their moults for up to 4 months. The chickens produce less eggs during moulting, and the moults occur sooner or later. After moulting, there are also first crops after the moult. Late arrivals have caused inconvenience to feeding and management. Therefore, moulting must be forced manually to facilitate simultaneous moulting of laying hens. The following methods may be used for artificial forced moulting: Adding zinc oxide at a rate of 2.5% or adding zinc sulfate at a rate of 4% in the layer diet. After zinc oxide or zinc sulfate was added, the appetite, feed intake, body weight, and egg production rate of laying hens decreased. After 2 to 3 days, the feed intake dropped to about 20 grams, and by the fourth day, the egg production rate dropped by 75% to 80%. By the 7th day, the egg production rate was almost zero. High-zinc diets were fed continuously for 7 to 8 days, and the weight of chickens was reduced by about 25%. If the weight loss is less than 25%, you can continue to feed high-zinc diets. When the weight of the chicken group drops by 25%, after the chickens are discontinued, zinc oxide or zinc sulfate is to be removed and feed is applied to the early period of the layer. Each bird feeds 30-40 grams on the first day, and then increases by 10 grams per day. 100 grams can be eaten freely. Note that there is no need to stop the water during the feeding of high-zinc diets. Light can be reduced to 6-8 hours per day, and gradually increase the number of hours of illumination to 16 hours per day after returning to normal feeding.
Feed Management
Increasing nutrient laying hens are already fatigued during the summer and long-term egg production. After autumn, they should feed more animal protein feeds to encourage laying hens that have not yet been moulted to continue to lay eggs, and to promote the regeneration of feathered laying hens as soon as possible. produce.
Grasp chicken development should be well-distributed, large, medium and small trophy bred separately, the weight of the chicken feed should not exceed the medium and large chickens, so as to avoid sexual maturity due to fat deposition. Some of the newly-produced chickens eat some of their nutrients for egg production, and some of them are used for the growth and development of the body. Therefore, to increase the egg production of newly-opened chickens, it is also necessary to provide more nutritious feed and increase artificial lighting time. Artificial labor.
There must be no shortage of water for laying and laying hens every day. It is necessary to ensure that the hens have enough clean drinking water. Generally, a hen needs about 100 grams of water per day. It is best to use a flow sink to supply water, and it can also supply 2 to 3 times a week. Light salt water to increase broiler physique and increase feed intake, but also feed carrot or green feed to increase protein levels.
Feeding Additives Adding some additives to layer diets in the fall can increase chicken egg production, stress and disease resistance, and save feed. The egg-rich additives can be evenly mixed into the feed by 0.25%, any chicken can freely feed, can increase the egg production rate, and can enhance immunity; 200 grams of vitamin C can be added per kg of diet; in the layer of chicken Adding 0.1% to 0.15% baking soda to the diet can increase eggshell thickness in addition to increasing egg production.
Zinc supplementation and calcium supplementation has high humidity in the early fall, and there are many intestinal diseases in chickens. It is necessary to add beneficial bacteria to the intestine to improve the intestinal environment and reduce the damage of pathogenic bacteria to the intestinal mucosa, thus improving the digestion and absorption of feed. Improve breeding efficiency. General eggshell formation at night, such as calcium supplement in the afternoon, more than 90% of the calcium can be directly absorbed by the layer of chicken eggshell formation. The average laying hens are 3% in the early stage and late stage, and 5% in the peak stage.
Zinc plays an important role in the growth and development of laying hens, eggshell quality and immune function. Zinc is a key factor influencing the growth of layer chickens. Diets based on natural feeds often fail to meet the nutritional needs of zinc for animals. The source of fishmeal is becoming increasingly scarce, and various farms have been exploring the use of whole plant-based diets instead of fishmeal to feed laying hens. In order to ensure the nutrition of laying hens, zinc supplementation should be strengthened. Eggs that need to be artificially moulted are fed with 2% zinc oxide in the diet. They are routinely managed. After 10 days, a large number of hair removals are performed. After 22 days, egg production begins. At the peak of the egg production at 58 days, it is shorter than conventional methods. 25 to 40 days.
Timely deworming
The new chickens in the fall are in the open period, the old chickens are in the moulting period, and the new and old chickens are in the low tide period of egg production. This is the best period for deworming, and there is no significant impact on laying hens. The following drugs can be selected for deworming: First, levamisole hydrochloride. Add 20 grams per kilogram of feed and drinking water, let the chicken eat and drink freely, 2 or 3 times a day, even feed 3 to 5 days; second is flooding spirit. For each kilogram of body weight, 0.2 to 0.25 grams of carnage is used, which can be mixed in the material or directly fed; the third is the insect nemesis. For each 50 kg of body weight, use 5 grams of 0.2% insect meal powder each time, and feed it orally or fed or evenly mixed into the feed. Mix 0.025% into feed or drinking water for 3 to 5 days. During the period of chicken deworming, chicken manure should be promptly removed and the chicken house and utensils must be thoroughly disinfected.
Disease prevention and treatment
Chicken respiratory disease after the fall into cool weather, large temperature difference between day and night, chicken house ventilation is poor, homes toxic and harmful gases such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide concentration is too high, the chicken susceptible to respiratory diseases. Because they did not do a good job of preventing cold and warming in time, when the weather-changed chickens suffered cold resistance due to cold currents, they were also susceptible to other infectious diseases. Therefore, we should strengthen the feeding and management to create a better living environment for chickens, try to remove the cause of the disease, and help reduce the occurrence of various diseases. Streptomycin can be used for treatment, adult chickens each day 200,000 units, divided into two injections, or kanamycin 10,000 units, divided into two injections, continuous injection of 2 to 3 days. The whole group can be given streptomycin, erythromycin, renoxacin, tylosin, erythromycin, chlorhexidine, Zhiyuanjing, etc., drinking water for 3 to 4 days. If it is mixed with E. coli, it will be mainly treated with E. coli.
Chickenpox generally has more incidence in the autumn, mainly through skin and mucous membrane wound infections. Blood-sucking insects such as mosquitoes can easily spread the disease. The prevention is the main method. Strictly sterilize and vaccinate well. It can be done once at the 21st day of chicken and before opening. And take effective precautions against seasonal sources (such as mosquitoes), taking care not to injure chickens and prevent infection. Treatment should be based on antiviral drugs. If it is a simple skin type of fowl pox, no special treatment is required. If it is a mucous membrane type, in addition to removing the pseudomembranous of the oral cavity and throat in time, it should also be specific to specific symptoms.
Chicken white-crown disease is also known as Karleson's disease in white blood cell protozoa. Summer and autumn are alternately hot and humid, and the river ditch has more water, which is conducive to the reproduction of cockroaches and cockroaches. Cockroaches and ticks are the vectors of this disease, and chickens of all ages can be infected. Adult chickens are more susceptible to infection than chicks. The diseased chicken showed anaemia, weight loss, and pale cocks. After the onset of laying hens, the egg production rate could be reduced by 30% to 50%. Chloroquine can be used 200 mg per kilogram of mix, feed for 3 days, every 2 days, and then feed for 3 days; can also be used to eliminate the net net, the first 3 days with 0.8%, 7 days after the feed with 0.2% spices, efficacy Very good; if the appetite of the diseased chicken is reduced or eliminated, diquinine hydrochloride can be used, each 1 ml (containing 0.25 g of drug), each chicken breast muscle injection 0.25 ml once a day, once every 4 to 5 days; white crown can also be used, Chicken ball net and other treatments. At the same time, contact between poultry and vector insects should be prevented. Insecticides such as deltamethrin or valeryl valerate should be used inside and outside the house to eliminate harmful insects such as cockroaches and cockroaches, and a gauze should be nailed to the doors and windows of the house. Insect attacks.
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