Fresh cut flowers are commonly used in all kinds of flower ornaments, such as flower baskets, bouquets, garlands, headdresses and bottle flowers. Cut flowers are branches, leaves, flowers, fruits and other organs of isolated flowers. After cutting, they will produce a series of physiological changes, which will easily deteriorate and deteriorate the quality of cut flowers. In order to maintain the best quality of post-harvest cut flowers, delay aging, and resist sudden changes in the external environment, chemical agents can be used to treat or mitigate physiological barriers after cutting flowers in vitro. Practice has shown that chemical control technology has a significant effect on fresh flower cut flowers, so in recent years widely used in fresh cut flowers, and gradually form a commercial cut flower preservation liquid. Cut flowers can be used at all stages before and after cut flowers, from producers, wholesalers, retailers to consumers. 1 Effect of cut flower preservation solution Cut flower preservation solution can make flowers grow brightly and beautifully. The leaves are green and the stems are tall and straight. It can obviously improve the quality and commodity value of cut flowers, prolong the storage and transportation period, extend shelf life and bottle insertion time, generally Uncut cut flowers extend the shelf life by 2 to 3 times. 2 Types of cut flower preservation liquid Cut flower preservation liquid varies greatly depending on the type of cut flower, but its main components are water, sugar, fungicides, inorganic salts, organic acids, ethylene inhibitors or antagonists, and plant growth hormones. Cut flower preservation liquid can be divided into three categories according to different use period and method, different roles and effects, can be divided into pre-preservation liquid, flowering preservation liquid and bottle plug preservation liquid. 2.1 Pre-treatment Fresh-keeping liquid After cutting and classifying cut flowers, pre-treat the preservative liquid before storage, transportation or bottle insertion. The pre-preservation liquid is mainly composed of sugar, fungicides such as 8-hydroxyquinoline, 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate and 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, and ethylene inhibitors or antagonists, etc., and its role is to promote the absorption of cut flowers. Moisture, providing nutrients, bactericidal anti-corrosion, while reducing or reducing the cut flower storage and transportation process and the harm caused by vinyl in the bottle. 2.2 Flowering Preservation Fluid Flowering Preservation Liquid A fresh liquid that promotes flowering of the cut flowers at the bud stage. It is mainly composed of sugar, fungicides and phytohormones, which can accelerate flowering and increase flowers and flowering time. Different types of cut flowers, flowering preservation liquid formula is different. 2.3 Bottle plug fresh-keeping liquid bottle The fresh-keeping liquid is a kind of holding liquid, which is used during cut vase viewing. The composition, concentration, and method of preparation of the bottled fresh-keeping liquid vary with the type of cut flower, and there is a wide variety of types and special types, which can extend the shelf life of the bottle. 3 Preservation liquids of different types of cut flowers are prepared with different types of cut flowers, and the formula of fresh-keeping liquid is different, so as to improve the preservation effect and prolong the flower-cutting period and bottle-cutting period of cut flowers. 3.1 Chrysanthemum is a chrysanthemum. The flowers are colorful and colorful, and the quality is elegant and noble. It is one of the four cut flowers in the world. Cut chrysanthemum at the bud stage with 200 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 2 ~ 5 g/L sucrose, or 25 mg/L silver nitrate + 75 mg/L citric acid + 2 ~ 5 g/L Raising the sucrose solution for flowering prolongs the cut flower storage period from 21 to 28 days. Treat with 30 mg/L silver thiosulfate + 5 g/L sucrose, or 50 mg/L silver nitrate + 150 mg/L citric acid + 5 g/L sucrose solution for 20 hours, or at 1 mg/L cell division Soak the squid base for 24 hours, or treat it with 1000 mg/L silver nitrate solution for 10 minutes, or use 30 mg/L silver nitrate +75 mg/L citric acid +1-5 mg/L cytokinin +2~ The treatment with 5 g/L sucrose mixture can prolong the storage and preservation period; the base of squid is soaked in 1200 to 4800 mg/L silver nitrate solution for 5 to 10 seconds, extending the shelf life of 8 to 10 days. 3.2 Rose Rosaceae. The petals are mostly double-branched, beautifully colored, and flower-shaped. They are one of the four cut flowers in the world and are called "Queen of Flowers". Preservation solution can be used 200 ml / l 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 50 mg / l cytokinin + 4 g / l sucrose, or 200 mg / l 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate +60 mg / Plus kinetin + 4 g/l sucrose, or 300 mg/l 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 100 mg/l sodium benzoate + 4 g/l sucrose mixture, storage shelf life up to 7 to 14 days . 3.3 Carnation Carnation Branch Carnation, also known as carnation. With elegant stems and leaves, elegant characters, beautiful fragrance, and a long flowering period, it is one of the world's four cut flowers, and is also the flower of the famous "Mother's Day." During the bud period, the cut carnation is promoted by flowering to promote bud blossoming for timely sale. 200 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate +25 mg/L silver nitrate +7 g/L sucrose mixture, or 200 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate +20-50 mg/L Cytokinin+5 g/L sucrose mixture, or 200 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate+500 mg/L for longer +5 g/L sucrose mixture, etc., preservation period up to 1~2 Months. Extend the cut period of carnation cut vase to delay aging. Preservation solution can use 200 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 50 mg/L silver acetate + 5 g/L sucrose, or 200 mg/L 8-hydroxyquine Phosphate acid citric acid + 100 ~ 500 mg / l than the long +7 g / l sucrose mixture; can be used during storage 50 mg / liter of citric acid + 2 g / l sucrose mixture, storage time up to 7 to 10 days; Or with 300 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 100 mg/L sodium benzoate + 5 g/L sucrose mixture, the harvest period can reach 25 to 30 days at the bud stage, harvesting at the bud stage Storage period up to 50 to 60 days. 3.4 Gladiolus Gladiolus Iris. Also known as gladiolus, it is one of the world's four cut flowers. The flower stem is tall and straight, the flower shape is beautiful, the color is bright, and the flowering period is long. Anti-aging and extending the bottle inserting solution can be used 300 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate+4 g/L sucrose mixture, or 150 mg/L boric acid+100 mg/L cobalt chloride+4 g/L sucrose mixture, or 50 mg/L silver nitrate + 300 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 5 g/L sucrose mixture, or 250 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citric acid Salt + 50 mg/liter silver nitrate + 500 mg/liter citric acid + 10 milligrams/liter cacodyme + 2 grams/liter sucrose mixture. Can also be used 100 mg / liter of sodium benzoate + 3 grams / liter of sucrose mixture, cut flowers stored for up to 7 to 10 days. 3.5 Tulips Tulips of the family Liliaceae. The stems are tall and straight, the leaves are elegant, the flowers are bright, and the petals are thick. To prevent the tulip cut stems from bending to light, the bottle can be used 25 mg / l pyrimidine alcohol solution, or 50 ~ 100 mg / l pyrimidine alcohol solution spray cut flowers; anti-aging, extend the shelf life, available 300 mg / l 8-hydroxyquine Citrate citrate + 50 mg/l CCC + 5 g/l sucrose mixture. 3.6 Strelitzia reginae. Also known as Bird of Paradise flower, it has beautiful flowers, bright colors, and strange flowers. It is like a crane looking ahead and has high ornamental value. To promote bud blossom and delay aging, 250 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 150 mg/L citric acid + 3 g/L sucrose can be used for storage and shelf life of 6-8 days. 3.7 Phalaenopsis orchid orchid genus. The stem is long and straight, the flowers are large and beautiful, the flower posture is elegant, and the flowering period is long. It is a rare cut flower. Treated with 5 mg/L cytokinin + 3 g/L sucrose mixture, the shelf life can reach 10 to 20 days. 3.8 Peony Ranunculaceae genus. Huge flowers, elegant flowers, colorful flowers, known as "the king of flowers", is China's traditional cut flowers, mainly used for bottle flowers. Preservation solution can be used 200 ml / l 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 50 mg / l long + 3 g / l sucrose solution, or with 500 mg / l 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 100 mg / Sodium benzoate+5 g/L sucrose mixture, storage and preservation period of up to 15 to 20 days. 3.9 Dahlia Asteraceae Dahlia. Colorful flowers, huge flowers. Treatment with 200 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 3 g/L sucrose solution extended the storage period by more than 5 days. 3.10 Aster Aster. Rich flower shape, varied color, is a better bottle cut flowers. Treatment with a mixture of 75 mg citric acid + 2 g/l sucrose can extend the shelf life of 4 to 6 days. 3.11 The genus Lilium is a member of the genus Chrysanthemum. The stalks are tall and straight, with bright colors and strong texture. They are used for bottle flowers and flower arrangements, and have a good decorative effect. Treated with 800 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 50 mg/L citric acid + 5 g/L sucrose, the preservation time can reach 7-14 days. 3.12 Gerbera of the family Gerbera. Variety, beautiful colors, tall and straight branches, long flowering period. Flowering bottles can be used 20 mg/L silver nitrate + 150 mg/L citric acid + 50 mg/L disodium hydrogen phosphate + 3 g/L sucrose, or 200 mg/L silver nitrate + 3 g/L sucrose Liquid treatment, storage and preservation period of up to 7 to 10 days. 3.13 Iris Family of Iris. The flowers are big and odd, like butterflies like butterflies, green leaves, like swords. To promote flowering and delay aging, treatment with 10 mg/L penicillin + 2 mg/L kinetin + 3 g/L sucrose mixture. 3.14 Freesia Freesia. Cut flowers, elegant flowers, elegant fragrance, long flowering period. Cut flowers can be inserted after 200 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate +70 mg/L CCO +500 mg/L silver nitrate +3 g/L sucrose mixture, or with 300 mg/L 8-hydroxy Quinoline citrate + 50 mg/L kinetin + 5 g/L sucrose preservation solution can significantly extend cut vase insertion period. 3.15 Lilium in the lily family Lilium. Also known as the Lilium cannon lily, the plant shape is straight, the flower posture is elegant, the flower is huge, the color is elegant, the leaf color is green, the flower fragrance is pleasant, contains the auspicious meaning of a hundred years. Anti-aging, bottle plug preservation solution can be treated with 200 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 3 g/L sucrose. 3.16 tuberose Amaranthaceae Tuberose. Also known as night primrose, the flowers are white, thick and jade-like, rich in aroma, and beautiful in color and fragrance. Delay aging, extend shelf life, promote flowering of small buds, spray 50-200 mg/L cytokinin, or use 300 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 100 mg/L citric acid + 3 g/L L sucrose mixed solution, storage and preservation period of up to 7 to 10 days. 3.17 Antirrhinum Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae. The flower is like a goldfish, with beautiful colors and a long flowering period. Anti-aging and extended shelf life, 50 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 1000 mg/L isoascorbic acid + 4 g/L sucrose, or 300 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate +30 Milligrams/litre longer than +2 g/litre sucrose mixture treatment, flowering time 2 to 7 times longer, storage freshness up to 15 to 20 days, floret increase 3.3 times. 3.18 Zinnia Zinnia Zinnia. With rich colors and long vase life, it is a cut flower with low price and good effect. Treated with a mixture of 50 mg/L citric acid + 2 g/L sucrose, the shelf life can be extended by 5 to 7 days. 3.19 The dianthus of the family Dianthus. The leaves are bright, flowers are luxuriant, and ornamental values ​​are high. They are important bottle flowers and flower arrangements. Treated with a mixture of 50 mg/L citric acid and 2 g/L sucrose, the shelf life can reach 7 to 10 days. 3.20 Violet from the family Brassicaceae. Aromatic flowers, beautiful colors. Treatment with 100 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 75 mg/L citric acid + 2 g/L sucrose can extend the shelf life by 4 to 6 days. 3.21 Six flowers, Amaryllidaceae. Beautiful color, longer flowering period, mainly used for bottle flowers. Treated with a mixture of 50 mg/L citric acid + 3 g/L sucrose, the shelf life can reach 7-10 days. 3.22 The flamingo is a member of the Araceae Araceae. Bright color, long-lasting water, is a tropical style of cut flowers, mainly used for flower arrangements and bottle flowers. Using a mixture of 20 mg/L kinetin + 2 g/L sucrose, or 300 mg/L sodium benzoate + 3 g/L sucrose, the shelf life can reach 14 to 16 days. 3.23 Gypsophila caryophyllus Dianthus. Small flowers, elegant gestures, little flowers, flowers and light, is an important background cut flowers. To promote the flowering and flowering of Gypsophila, 300 mg/L sodium thiosulfate + 10 g/L sucrose mixture can be used for treatment; 25 mg/L silver nitrate + 5 ~ 10 g/L sucrose mixture can be used for bottle plug fresh-keeping solution, or 200mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 2g/L sucrose mixture treatment, the preservation period can be extended 3 to 4 days. 3.24 Narcissus from the Amaryllidaceae family. Exotic flowers, elegant flower colors, aromatic and pleasant. Extension of flowering period 30-60 mg/L silver nitrate + 3 g/L sucrose, or 250 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate +70 mg/L CCO +50 mg/L silver nitrate +6 g / L sucrose mixed liquor treatment. 3.25 Sweet pea leguminous genus. Also known as flower pea, flower posture is graceful, colorful, light and chic, aromatic fragrance. To extend the bottle viewing period, use 300 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 50 mg/L CCO + 5 g/L sucrose mixture, or 300 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate +100 mg/L citric acid +3 g/L sucrose mixture treatment, storage and preservation period of up to 5 to 7 days. 3.26 Kidney fern, Rhizoma Drynaria, Nephrite Upright and handsome, unique style, green leaves, evergreen, durable. 300 mg/L 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate + 2 g/L sucrose, or 50 mg/L silver nitrate + 150 mg/L ascorbic acid + 50 mg/L penicillin + 2 g/L sucrose Liquid treatment can extend the vase life. 3.27 Orchid Orchidaceae. Irregular flowers, various stem shapes, and high ornamental value. The cut flower base was soaked in 500 mg/L silver nitrate solution for 30 minutes or treated with 20 mg/L cytokinin + 5 g/L sucrose mixture to extend the vase life by 1 time. 3.28 Wax May beetles. It blooms in the winter, and it is full of flowers and yellowish color like wax. After sweet cuts, 15 mg/L cytokinin + 100 mg/L silver thiosulfate + 5 g/L calcium nitrate + 5 g/L sucrose, or 15 mg/L cytokinin + 100 g/L The treatment with 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate +5 g/l sucrose mixture delays aging and prolongs the preservation period. There are many recipes for cutting fresh flowers. Here are some basic recipes for reference. First of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the correct weighing, especially some traces of pharmaceuticals, so as not to cause damage to cut flowers. The second use concentration is based on the change in temperature at that time. If the temperature is high, the concentration should be lower; if the temperature is low, the concentration should be higher. When you first use the cut flower preservation solution, you must first perform a small amount of trials, and then expand the scope of use after you have obtained significant preservation effects. The preparation mix and method of cut flower preservation liquid can be used flexibly. After many times of practice, the best combination can be selected to further improve the preservation effect.
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