Although most flower farmers produce cut flowers that only supply domestic regional markets, some cut flower products are still exported to the global market, and are sold through distribution channels to the rest of the world. People can find coffee shops, newsstands, grocery stores, and flower shops. Buy a variety of flowers. Although transporters do not have to carefully carry out each step of post-harvest processing like flower growers, they must also continue to cut fresh flowers during transport to ensure that cut flowers are in full bloom in the flower shop or consumer home after the packaging and transportation process.
Why do carriers have to consider the life of the vase? Because the transport process is also an important key to the life of the bottle, the longer the bottle plug life, the easier it is for consumers to become loyal customers. Since the cut flower is harvested, life begins to end and post-harvest treatment is actually an important key to determine the vase life. The so-called “high quality cut flowers†​​means that all the flowers containing pods can finally bloom and can be maintained for a long time. a period of time. It is not difficult to produce high-quality cut flowers. Basically, it is only necessary to build a temperature-controlled storage room and keep the cut flowers clean in order to prevent bacteria from growing. It is also necessary to keep cut flowers in a water-absorbing state.
The problem of water loss must be kept in a water-absorbing state after the cut flowers are harvested. Water absorption can reduce the evapotranspiration of the cut flowers and prepare them for the dry transport process. Adding appropriate amounts of carbohydrates in the water can provide cut flowers during transport. The nutrients needed are recommended to use commercial or experimentally proven formulas and try to avoid self-provisioning because commercial formulas can effectively ensure the growth of bacteria and microorganisms and provide appropriate nutrients for cut flowers after harvest. Although there is no definite conclusion about whether or not to add sugar to the fresh-keeping liquid during the post-harvest treatment of flower growers, the long-distance transportation of cut flowers to the market is a strict test. Cut flowers must be prepared before transport.
In addition to storing fresh water in the preservative solution after harvesting, the next important step is to store it at an appropriate temperature. For most non-tropical flowers, the appropriate storage temperature is 0.5 to 2°C. Putting the cut flowers at low temperature can reduce the respiration rate of the plants and reduce the nutrient consumption in the leaves and petals, thus slowing down the rate of cut flower aging. If the cut flowers are stored above the appropriate temperature, the vase life will be greatly shortened (tropical cut flowers are too low Stored at a temperature will cause frostbite, such as ginger, anthurium, paradise bird or tropical orchid flower sensitive to low temperature, the appropriate storage temperature is 10 ~ 13 °C).
When packing, try to keep the temperature inside the box at 2°C. Make sure that the handle of the carton has been opened (make sure that the inside of the carton is airtight after being sealed). Care must also be taken to avoid overloading the inside of the box so as not to affect the internal air circulation. The box is used to confirm whether the temperature in the box is between 0.5 and 2°C so as not to affect the quality of cut flowers. The benefits of the pre-cooling of the carton box are higher than the low temperature after the boxing is completed. Because it takes several hours to cool the box after it is finished, because the pre-cooling must be done before the cut flower is packaged, if it can be packaged in a pre-cooling environment, it can be reduced. Respiratory rate after bagging.
In the process of flower refrigeration, the decisive factor lies in the transport path. The storage and transportation temperature must be kept at a low temperature. If the cut flowers are at a low temperature during shipment, the temperature will warm up and then decrease again during the process, causing gray mold (the pathogen is Botrytis). Occurs, which in turn affects bottle plug life. If possible, transport schedules are best kept as short as possible, since the vase life and transport time are mutually elongated.
Sterilization of cut stems is rich in sugars. Once harvested, they are released into aqueous solutions. These sugars provide bacteria, yeasts, or microorganisms that are required for growth. These fungi can affect the quality of cut flowers. Generally, there are microorganisms in stems of flowers. The cut flowers grown in open field such as Liuhua, Gerbera, Gypsophila, and Chrysanthemum have a high amount of microorganisms attached to their stems. When the cut flowers are collected and placed in water to absorb water, the sugars are released from the cuts and the microorganisms gather. At the incision and quickly reproduce.
When the amount of microorganisms in the storage liquid reaches a certain level, it will gather at the incisions of the stems to absorb the sugar of the cells and hinder the water absorption function of the cut flowers. If not treated, the microorganisms will continue to gather and absorb the nutrient of the cut stems, and finally the cut flowers will not be able to absorb. Any aqueous solution. To reduce the amount of microorganisms in the aqueous solution, antibacterial agents and cut flower nutrients can be added to the storage solution.
In order to prevent the proliferation of microorganisms, equipment and tools related to cut flowers must be carefully cleaned, disinfected, and harvested, starting with harvesting tools, such as: maintaining a sharp and clean flower scissors, sterilizing harvest tools at least once a day, using disinfectant water or the city The antibacterial agent solution sold by the cleaning brush is used to clean the container containing the storage solution. The disinfected container should avoid placing the ground as much as possible, and should be stacked and neat after it is dried. It is best to clean the refrigerated equipment with a detergent or antibacterial agent every 4 to 6 weeks. The range includes walls, floors, and shelves, and clean the fallen petals and leaves every day.
Transport and fresh cut flowers will begin long-distance transportation once they leave the production area. Therefore, they must be prepared before transport to provide cutting transport. The utensils used to prepare fresh-keeping liquids and the tabletops used for classification must be kept clean. The cut flowers are placed at appropriate temperatures and ready for shipment after grading and packaging. Indeed, protective measures can ensure that the products remain in the best condition when they are sold.
For ethylene-sensitive flowers, continuous precautionary measures must be taken. After harvesting, silver thiosulfate (STS) is used to slow the ethylene effect to avoid flower aging. Freshly cut cut flowers that are inserted into the STS solution in the field can effectively maintain the cut flower quality. However, it is advisable to use commercial formulations as much as possible to achieve the best results, and to continue to use ethylene inhibitors before shipment to ensure quality. Controlling the transport temperature is an important key to ensure the quality of cut flowers. The higher the temperature of ethylene sensitive flowers is, the higher the sensitivity is.
Why is post-harvest processing so important? With current cultivation techniques, flower growers usually know how to produce good-quality cut flowers for fertilizer management and environmental control, but post-harvest treatment has a great impact on the vase life of cut flowers, whether it is pre-cooling, cleaning, disinfection, storage, etc. All are influencing factors. The more perfect the post-harvest treatment, the longer vase life is cut, and the easier it is for consumers to return to become loyal customers.
In order to clearly define the post-harvest processing steps, the process is divided into four parts: producers, wholesale markets/underwriters, agents, and district flower shops. The origin is the first stage of post-harvest treatment. Producers must pay attention to the control of the post-harvest environment, including temperature, disinfection and pre-shipment treatment. Cut flowers shall be treated with fresh-keeping liquids at the stage of delivery to the wholesale market/underwriters. For example, if S. dahliae producers do not use STS to treat cut flowers to inhibit ethylene before shipment, they can be remedied at this stage to prevent ethylene from contributing to the ageing of flowers. If the bulbous flowers are treated only with tap water before being sent to the wholesale market, hormone-replenishment solutions can also be used to avoid symptoms caused by hormone imbalance in the plants, eg yellow leaves, lower flowering rates, bottles, etc. Plug life is shortened; cut flowers should be inserted as soon as possible after dry transport, so that plant cells absorb water to restore turgor, the water can be added bactericide to maintain the smooth flow of cut vascular bundles. When the cut flowers are delivered to the agent or the flower shop in each district, the aqueous solution needs to be supplemented with nutrients needed to cut the flowers. In addition to the sugar (usually glucose), the solution is added with a bactericide to maintain sterility. Note that the sugar The concentration should be kept low for water transport and retail sales.
Why do carriers have to consider the life of the vase? Because the transport process is also an important key to the life of the bottle, the longer the bottle plug life, the easier it is for consumers to become loyal customers. Since the cut flower is harvested, life begins to end and post-harvest treatment is actually an important key to determine the vase life. The so-called “high quality cut flowers†​​means that all the flowers containing pods can finally bloom and can be maintained for a long time. a period of time. It is not difficult to produce high-quality cut flowers. Basically, it is only necessary to build a temperature-controlled storage room and keep the cut flowers clean in order to prevent bacteria from growing. It is also necessary to keep cut flowers in a water-absorbing state.
The problem of water loss must be kept in a water-absorbing state after the cut flowers are harvested. Water absorption can reduce the evapotranspiration of the cut flowers and prepare them for the dry transport process. Adding appropriate amounts of carbohydrates in the water can provide cut flowers during transport. The nutrients needed are recommended to use commercial or experimentally proven formulas and try to avoid self-provisioning because commercial formulas can effectively ensure the growth of bacteria and microorganisms and provide appropriate nutrients for cut flowers after harvest. Although there is no definite conclusion about whether or not to add sugar to the fresh-keeping liquid during the post-harvest treatment of flower growers, the long-distance transportation of cut flowers to the market is a strict test. Cut flowers must be prepared before transport.
In addition to storing fresh water in the preservative solution after harvesting, the next important step is to store it at an appropriate temperature. For most non-tropical flowers, the appropriate storage temperature is 0.5 to 2°C. Putting the cut flowers at low temperature can reduce the respiration rate of the plants and reduce the nutrient consumption in the leaves and petals, thus slowing down the rate of cut flower aging. If the cut flowers are stored above the appropriate temperature, the vase life will be greatly shortened (tropical cut flowers are too low Stored at a temperature will cause frostbite, such as ginger, anthurium, paradise bird or tropical orchid flower sensitive to low temperature, the appropriate storage temperature is 10 ~ 13 °C).
When packing, try to keep the temperature inside the box at 2°C. Make sure that the handle of the carton has been opened (make sure that the inside of the carton is airtight after being sealed). Care must also be taken to avoid overloading the inside of the box so as not to affect the internal air circulation. The box is used to confirm whether the temperature in the box is between 0.5 and 2°C so as not to affect the quality of cut flowers. The benefits of the pre-cooling of the carton box are higher than the low temperature after the boxing is completed. Because it takes several hours to cool the box after it is finished, because the pre-cooling must be done before the cut flower is packaged, if it can be packaged in a pre-cooling environment, it can be reduced. Respiratory rate after bagging.
In the process of flower refrigeration, the decisive factor lies in the transport path. The storage and transportation temperature must be kept at a low temperature. If the cut flowers are at a low temperature during shipment, the temperature will warm up and then decrease again during the process, causing gray mold (the pathogen is Botrytis). Occurs, which in turn affects bottle plug life. If possible, transport schedules are best kept as short as possible, since the vase life and transport time are mutually elongated.
Sterilization of cut stems is rich in sugars. Once harvested, they are released into aqueous solutions. These sugars provide bacteria, yeasts, or microorganisms that are required for growth. These fungi can affect the quality of cut flowers. Generally, there are microorganisms in stems of flowers. The cut flowers grown in open field such as Liuhua, Gerbera, Gypsophila, and Chrysanthemum have a high amount of microorganisms attached to their stems. When the cut flowers are collected and placed in water to absorb water, the sugars are released from the cuts and the microorganisms gather. At the incision and quickly reproduce.
When the amount of microorganisms in the storage liquid reaches a certain level, it will gather at the incisions of the stems to absorb the sugar of the cells and hinder the water absorption function of the cut flowers. If not treated, the microorganisms will continue to gather and absorb the nutrient of the cut stems, and finally the cut flowers will not be able to absorb. Any aqueous solution. To reduce the amount of microorganisms in the aqueous solution, antibacterial agents and cut flower nutrients can be added to the storage solution.
In order to prevent the proliferation of microorganisms, equipment and tools related to cut flowers must be carefully cleaned, disinfected, and harvested, starting with harvesting tools, such as: maintaining a sharp and clean flower scissors, sterilizing harvest tools at least once a day, using disinfectant water or the city The antibacterial agent solution sold by the cleaning brush is used to clean the container containing the storage solution. The disinfected container should avoid placing the ground as much as possible, and should be stacked and neat after it is dried. It is best to clean the refrigerated equipment with a detergent or antibacterial agent every 4 to 6 weeks. The range includes walls, floors, and shelves, and clean the fallen petals and leaves every day.
Transport and fresh cut flowers will begin long-distance transportation once they leave the production area. Therefore, they must be prepared before transport to provide cutting transport. The utensils used to prepare fresh-keeping liquids and the tabletops used for classification must be kept clean. The cut flowers are placed at appropriate temperatures and ready for shipment after grading and packaging. Indeed, protective measures can ensure that the products remain in the best condition when they are sold.
For ethylene-sensitive flowers, continuous precautionary measures must be taken. After harvesting, silver thiosulfate (STS) is used to slow the ethylene effect to avoid flower aging. Freshly cut cut flowers that are inserted into the STS solution in the field can effectively maintain the cut flower quality. However, it is advisable to use commercial formulations as much as possible to achieve the best results, and to continue to use ethylene inhibitors before shipment to ensure quality. Controlling the transport temperature is an important key to ensure the quality of cut flowers. The higher the temperature of ethylene sensitive flowers is, the higher the sensitivity is.
Why is post-harvest processing so important? With current cultivation techniques, flower growers usually know how to produce good-quality cut flowers for fertilizer management and environmental control, but post-harvest treatment has a great impact on the vase life of cut flowers, whether it is pre-cooling, cleaning, disinfection, storage, etc. All are influencing factors. The more perfect the post-harvest treatment, the longer vase life is cut, and the easier it is for consumers to return to become loyal customers.
In order to clearly define the post-harvest processing steps, the process is divided into four parts: producers, wholesale markets/underwriters, agents, and district flower shops. The origin is the first stage of post-harvest treatment. Producers must pay attention to the control of the post-harvest environment, including temperature, disinfection and pre-shipment treatment. Cut flowers shall be treated with fresh-keeping liquids at the stage of delivery to the wholesale market/underwriters. For example, if S. dahliae producers do not use STS to treat cut flowers to inhibit ethylene before shipment, they can be remedied at this stage to prevent ethylene from contributing to the ageing of flowers. If the bulbous flowers are treated only with tap water before being sent to the wholesale market, hormone-replenishment solutions can also be used to avoid symptoms caused by hormone imbalance in the plants, eg yellow leaves, lower flowering rates, bottles, etc. Plug life is shortened; cut flowers should be inserted as soon as possible after dry transport, so that plant cells absorb water to restore turgor, the water can be added bactericide to maintain the smooth flow of cut vascular bundles. When the cut flowers are delivered to the agent or the flower shop in each district, the aqueous solution needs to be supplemented with nutrients needed to cut the flowers. In addition to the sugar (usually glucose), the solution is added with a bactericide to maintain sterility. Note that the sugar The concentration should be kept low for water transport and retail sales.
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