Identification
Character identification
Branches are thin-cylindrical, 0.5-1.5 mm in diameter, yellow-green on the surface, denser in section, fresh in leaves, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 1-3 mm long, with keel-like posts on the back. Brittle, easy to break, yellow-white cross section, centered marrow. Gas slightly, tasteless.
The leaves are tender and green.
Microscopic identification
Stem cross-section: The cork layer is multiple cork cells. The cortex is narrow, with 2-4 rows of thick-walled cells near the cork, and the walls are thicker and woody. The culm fiber wall is woody; cells around the fiber bundle contain calcium sulfate crystals, forming crystal fibers. The phloem is relatively narrow, with multiple xylem vessels scattered or 2-3 aggregated; pith ray is 2-3 in width; pith ray is 2-3 rows wide. The pith is small.
Powder characteristics: grayish green.
1 Epidermal cells cross-sectional view square, the outer wall slightly elevated, some (leaflet) papillary, cuticle thickness 6-9μm Inner fine dentate; surface view square, polygonal or rectangular, vertical peripheral wall fine beads Thickening, some visible half-moon horny protrusions. Stomatal subsidence, 4-6 defensive cells, some very small.
2 Calcium sulphate crystals have a diameter of 5-34μm, and most of them have obvious edges and corners, and a few are mainly in the shape of small needles or crystals.
3 fiber (branch) diameter 8-25μm, slightly thicker wall, woody or micro-lumbering; fibers around the fiber containing calcium sulfate crystals, the formation of crystal fiber.
4 Peyer's parenchyma cells are round, and some contain calcium sulfate crystals. In addition, there are parenchyma cells and fibers and catheters at the base of the petioles.
Physical and chemical identification
(1) Take 1g of this product powder, add methanol 10ml, reflux extraction on a water bath for 20min, filter, the filtrate for the following test:
1 Take the filtrate 1ml, add a little magnesium powder, add 3-4 drops of hydrochloric acid, heated on a water bath, was orange-red. (Check flavonoids)
2 The filtrate was dropped on the filter paper, and the yellow vapor was smoked with ammonia vapor. The 1% trichloroaluminum solution was sprayed, showing a clear yellow color. (Check co-ketone)
3 Take the filtrate 1ml, set the evaporating dish, evaporated on a water bath, add saturated borate acetone test solution 1ml, 10% citric acid acetone test solution 1ml, evaporated on a water bath, observed under a UV lamp, visible strong Yellow-green fluorescence. (Check flavonoids)
(2) Thin-layer chromatography Take 2g of this product powder, add methanol 25ml, reflux on a water bath for 1h, filter, and recover methanol in the filtrate. The residue was dissolved in 2 ml of methanol and filtered. The filtrate was used for spotting. Quercetin as a reference substance. The same point on the silica gel G thin plate, using benzene - methanol (8:2) as a developing agent, exhibition distance 10cm, smoked with ammonia under ultraviolet light observation. The chromatograms in the test sample showed the same color spots at the corresponding positions in the chromatogram of the reference substance. [3]
Liu Liu
Liu Liu
Drug (poison) science
1. Effect on respiratory system: 5g/kg intraperitoneal injection of tamarisk decoction has obvious inhibitory effect on mice cough caused by ammonia spraying, but the mouse phenol red method test shows that it is not effective; 1 g/kg intraperitoneal injection There was no obvious asthma effect on asthma caused by histamine spray. According to another report, normal xenostomies were induced by 1 xg histamine to ex vivo trachea, and tamarix extract or water extract 1 x 104 g (crude drug) was added 5 minutes later, showing strong and long-lasting antihistamine effects. 5 The intensity of the confrontation exceeds 100% in minutes.
2. Hepatoprotective effect: The 70% alcohol extract of Tamarix is ​​intragastrically administered and has hepatoprotective effect on carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-induced acute hepatitis mice. Aspartate transamination of mice in the administration group The cool (AST) and alanine transamination (ALT) values ​​were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the increase in liver weight caused by CCL4 was reduced, and the degree of hepatic tissue degeneration was reduced.
3. Antibacterial effect: Tamarix decoction has inhibitory effects on Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus A, White grape balls and Flu bacilli in vitro. Tamarix components Tamarix and tamarix have a strong inhibitory effect against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
4, antipyretic effect: Tamarix extract solution 12 grams / kilogram skin does not inject artificial fever rabbits have a certain antipyretic effect.
5. Toxicity: The LD50 of abdomen deep injection of Tamarix decoction mice was 21.6 g/kg. Two guinea pigs were intraperitoneally injected with 5 g/kg of Tamarix decoction, and no abnormalities were observed for 48 hours. The other two were injected intraperitoneally with 5 g/kg and died within 4 hours.
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