Longyan City, Fujian Province has a subtropical maritime monsoon climate. The climate is mild throughout the year, with a long frost-free period. The average precipitation is 1031 mm to 1369 mm, and the sunshine hours are 1804 to 2060 hours. It is suitable for the growth of subtropical crops and forests. Among them, the wild seven-leaf and one-flowered flowers are widely distributed in mountainous areas with an altitude of over 500 meters. However, in recent years, the seven-leaf flower is facing extinction due to the flooding of mining, serious resource damage, etc., resulting in the contradiction between supply and demand, so today Xiaobian comes Let me talk about the cultivation techniques of wild plants under the seven-leaf and one-flowered forest in Longyan City.
First, choose the land
In the mountainous area below 500-1000 meters above sea level, it has good drainage, contains slightly humus, loose and fertile slightly acidic sandy loam; no pollution within 10km around the planting land, convenient transportation; soil environmental quality should reach soil quality GB15618-1995 The secondary standard, heavy metals and other harmful substances do not exceed the national standards for GAP planting of Chinese herbal medicines, and the atmospheric environment should reach the secondary index of the "atmospheric environment" quality index GB3095-82; the PH value is between 5. 8-6. Slightly acidic sandy loam; after selecting the ground, remove the stones and weeds in the soil. After leveling, the soil will be turned 20-25cm deep. According to the size of the plot, the ridges are ridged, the width is 20cm, the width is 30cm, and the width is 30cm. Good drainage ditch.
Second, seedling transplanting
1. Seed reproduction
Choose fresh and ripe wild seeds from the local area. It is best to plant them on the seedbed at 10×10cm. Cover the humus with a thickness of 1cm after sowing. , watered and kept moist.
2, tuber reproduction
The underground rhizome is oriented perpendicular to the main axis of the rhizome, and the bud stems and bud marks of the rhizome are cut into small sections longitudinally with the vertical stem of the knife. To ensure that each section has a bud mark, the cutter is made with potassium permanganate before use. disinfection. After cutting, the wound was smashed with wood ash, which was preserved and germinated. After being placed for 24 hours, it was planted in the seedbed, and the row spacing of the plant was 10*10 cm.
Third, field management
1. Weeding
In the autumn and winter, the roots are germinated and unearthed in the second year of spring, and artificial weeds or weeds are used, and the weeds are covered on the surface.
2, fertilization
Fertilization twice a year, the first time is to fertilize sheep manure after germination in autumn and winter, the second is in the vigorous period of spring growth; apply organic fertilizer twice during the whole growth period, master the fertilization period and fertilization amount when fertilizing And organic fertilizer types; artificial weeding and dissemination of Chinese milk vetch as green manure in autumn and winter, improve soil and increase soil fertility.
3, picking buds
If you do not need to keep seed, in order to reduce nutrient consumption, concentrate on the supply of underground rhizome and promote the growth of rhizome, you can remove the ovary in time from April to July, keep the ovary in time, and increase the yield by increasing photosynthesis.
4. Pest control
The disease of the seven leaves and one flower has stem rot, sclerotinia, and black spot. Stem rot can be sprayed 2-3 times with 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 70% mancozeb 1000-2000 times solution; Sclerotium disease is continuously sprayed with 75% methyl thiophanate 1500 times solution 2-3 times or 75% chlorothalonil 2000 times liquid continuous spraying 2-3 times; in the early stage of black spot disease spraying 5% bacteria poison water 1500 times liquid or 50% thiophanate suspension 1500 times liquid prevention Because the flowers of the seven leaves and leaves are slightly toxic, the damage of insect pests is light and no spraying is needed.
Fourth, harvesting and initial processing
Seeds are harvested after the 7th year after emergence, and the roots are harvested 3-5 years after emergence; when harvesting, choose sunny days, first cut off the leaves and then use the steamed bread to excavate from the side, excavate the tubers, cut Tubers with buds are used for seeding, others can be dried and dried, packaged and stored or sold.
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