1. The general production process of milk powder is as follows: raw material acceptance → pretreatment and standardization → concentration → spray drying → cooling storage → packaging → finished products 2. Acceptance and pretreatment of raw milk 3. In addition to a few varieties (such as whole milk powder, skimmed milk powder), must go through the ingredients process, and its proportion of ingredients according to product requirements. The equipment used in the dosing consists mainly of batching cylinders, powder mixers and heaters.
4. When homogenous production of whole milk powder, whole milk sweet milk powder and skim milk powder, it is not necessary to go through homogenization, but if you add diced plant oil or other difficult-to-mix materials to the ingredients of the milk powder, homogenization is needed. operating. The pressure at the time of homogenization is generally controlled at 14 to 21 MPa, and the temperature is preferably controlled at 60°C. After homogenization, the fat globules become smaller, which can effectively prevent the fat from floating and can be easily digested and absorbed.
5. The commonly used sterilization method of bactericidal milk is shown in Figure 1. For specific applications, different products can be selected according to their characteristics. Recently, the most common method is the use of high-temperature short-time sterilization method, because the loss of nutrients in milk is less, and the physical and chemical properties of milk powder are better.
6. The vacuum concentrated cow milk is sterilized and immediately pumped into a vacuum evaporator for decompression (vacuum) concentration to remove most of the water in the milk (65%) and then enter the dry tower for spray drying to facilitate product quality and reduce costs. It is generally required that the raw milk be concentrated to 1â„4 of the original volume, and milk dry matter should be about 45%. Concentrated milk temperature - generally 47 ~ 50 °C, the concentration of different products are as follows: Whole milk powder concentration: 11.5 ~ 13 Baume degrees; corresponding milk solids content; 38% ~ 42%. Skim milk powder concentration: 20 to 22 Baume; corresponding milk solids content: 35% to 40%. A fat sweet milk powder concentration: 15 ~ 20 Baume degrees, the corresponding milk solids content: 45% ~ 50%, the production of large-particle milk powder concentrated milk concentration increased.
7. The spray-dried concentrated milk still contains more water and must be spray-dried to obtain milk powder. Various spray-dried skim milk powders are shown in Figure 2.
8. Cooling In equipment that is not equipped with secondary drying, it needs to be cooled to prevent separation of fat, and then it can be packaged after sieving (20 to 30 mesh). In the secondary drying equipment, the milk powder is cooled to below 40°C after it is dried twice. After passing through the powder sieve into milk powder warehouse, to be packaged.
This is a step from the acceptance of raw materials. Net milk, after getting milk, needs net milk to initially remove some bacteria and even some magazines to get rid of it. There is a cooling storage. This is a continuous work. After that, there is a batching process, according to the requirements of the formula, adding the required microorganisms, trace elements, and various auxiliary materials as an ingredient.
Infant milk powder was originally derived from mother emulsification. The choice and determination of this formula is closer to that of breast milk, closer to the absorption of infants and young children, and there is a preheating for the ingredients. Preheating is to add related vegetable oils and preheat homogenization. Complete the homogenization process more completely for homogenization. Homogenization means that the fat and protein in all the ingredients and raw milk are homogenized and dispersed in the product very evenly. After completion of homogenization, sterilizing and concentrating, high temperature sterilization is required. There is a spray drying, which turns the liquid into a solid state. After the spray drying is completed, there is a fluidization process. One of the fluidization processes is to reduce the temperature and one to make the fluidity better. After the high temperature is reached, a certain amount of grease is easily formed. Bulk, after fluidization let it cool down, the bulk of things scattered, so that at room temperature packaging, is 25 degrees to 26 degrees state packaging, there is high temperature grease, will naturally form a loose block . After the low-temperature fluidization is completed, it enters the packaging. During the packaging process, nitrogen is flushed and the oxygen is extruded. It is completely automatically packaged. After the packaging machine is cool, it is packaged. After the storage, the final inspection is carried out. According to the national standards we design, the sample inspection is required. After the inspection is qualified, it will be released from the factory.
Milk powder wet production process flow diagram milk powder process flow diagram
1.3.1 Purchase of raw materials
1.3.1.1 Select a qualified supplier and determine the source of raw materials.
1.3.1.2 The storage temperature of raw milk at the milk collection station or ranch is kept below 4°C and transported to the factory within 24 hours using a dedicated milk tank warmer.
1.3.2 Raw milk inspection Factory milk collectors accurately sample from the milk cart and carry out the following tests: acidity test, alcohol test, impurity test, physical and chemical test, antibiotic test, etc. The test can be carried out only after passing the test.
1.3.3 Storage of Raw Milk Raw milk that has passed the test is rapidly cooled to 4°C in a milk heat exchanger after being rapidly cooled by a plate heat exchanger, and the storage temperature is maintained at 3-5°C.
1.3.4 Net milk, standardized raw milk stored in a milk tank is pumped into a system consisting of a separator and a heat exchanger for net milking and standardization.
1.3.5 Cooling Storage After the milk has passed the standardization of net milk, it shall be rapidly cooled to below 3-5°C by a heat exchanger and then stored in a milk storage tank. The storage temperature shall not exceed 5°C for use in the next process.
1.3.6 Batching Process Raw materials are prepared in strict accordance with the formulation requirements. When mixing ingredients while stirring, the concentration of ingredients must not exceed 11Be.
1.3.7 Preheating Pay close attention to the temperature range so that the temperature of the raw milk is maintained at 40-50°C and must not exceed 60°C.
1.3.8 Homogeneity Pay close attention to the indication range and fluctuations of the pressure gauge, and adjust the homogenization pressure in time so that the homogenization pressure always maintains between 10-18 Mpa. Homogenized milk directly into the next process
1.3.9 Before the sterilizing and concentrating work, set the technical parameters of the evaporator to ensure the concentration effect. Sterilization temperature requirements 85-88 °C, concentrated milk concentration 15-18Be.
1.3.10 spray drying
1.3.10.1 Select and install a suitable atomizer and fasten the spray gun. After the drying and disinfection are completed, the induced draft fan is turned on and the negative pressure in the tower is adjusted.
1.3.10.2 When the exhaust air temperature reaches about 85°C, spraying is started. The pressure range of the high pressure pump is 10-18Mpa and the exhaust air temperature is 75-88°C. 1.3.10.3 During work, pay attention to observe the liquid level, concentration, temperature, negative pressure, air volume and operation of each part of the concentrated milk, and find that abnormalities are adjusted in time.
1.3.11 Fluidized bed
1.3.11.1 When the powder tower is under the powder, observe the movement of the powder in the sight hole of the fluidized bed to make the powder move forward evenly in a floating state. 1.3.11.2 Adjust the temperature of each section in time, keeping the temperature of fluidized bed outlet milk powder at about 30°C.
1.3.11.3 Check the condition of powdered milk and meet the requirements before connecting the powder.
1.3.11.4 The above processes Before and after the work, CIP cleaning and disinfection shall be performed on the equipment and pipelines, respectively, to ensure that the production equipment and pipelines are clean and sanitary.
1.3.12 storage of silo
1.3.12.1 The milk powder after cooling in the fluidized bed is stored in the storage silo.
1.3.12.2 The silo environment must be kept clean, clean and dry.
1.3.13 The powdered milk in the screening silo is screened by a vibrating screen and then the powdered vehicle is connected.
1.3.14 Purchase and Acceptance of Packaging Materials
1.3.14.1 Determine qualified packaging material suppliers, select good quality packaging materials.
1.3.14.2 Before use, it must pass the inspection of the company's quality inspection center before it can be used.
1.3.15 Packaging
1.3.15.1 The powdered milk powder is fed into the automatic packaging machine feeding system via a vacuum feeding system.
1.3.15.2 Open the automatic packaging machine to complete the automatic filling and packaging.
1.3.16 Product Packing Storage
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