Alzheimer's disease is a progressive, irreversible brain disease, and it is not easy to accurately predict the risk of a disease before it occurs. A new study from the United States shows that one day, doctors can accurately determine the risk of a target in the next few years through a simple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan.
The study was conducted in collaboration with researchers at the University of Washington School of Medicine and the University of California, San Francisco. The team used an MRI technique called diffusion tensor imaging to look for physiological signs that predict the cognitive decline of the target. Diffusion tensor imaging is a special form of MRI and an effective means of observing and tracking the condition of white matter fiber bundles in the brain. By diffusion tensor imaging, researchers can assess the health of the white matter in the brain, and changes in white matter in the brain are closely related to cognitive decline.
To validate the feasibility of predicting Alzheimer's disease by diffusion tensor imaging, the researchers selected 10 elderly people with cognitive decline in two years as subjects, and matched 10 by age and gender within two years. The elderly with stable ability as a control group. They analyzed the results of diffusion tensor imaging scans performed by two groups of people two years ago and found that older people with cognitive decline had more signs of white matter damage. The researchers then selected 61 individual samples for validation analysis.
The study showed that in the case of imaging the entire brain, the researchers predicted that the risk of Alzheimer's disease was as high as 89% within 3 years of the target; while they focused on specific parts of the brain that were most likely to be damaged, The forecast accuracy will rise to 95%. This is higher than the two assessment methods commonly used by doctors - mental state questionnaire and ApoE gene detection. The accuracy of these two assessment methods is between 70% and 80%. Other assessment methods, such as PET scans, can detect early symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, but they are expensive and not feasible for most people.
The researchers point out that new research suggests that predicting the risk of Alzheimer's disease through MRI is feasible. Although there are no drugs to prevent or delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease, it is still important to confirm the high-risk population of the disease several years in advance, which will allow them to arrange their future life when they are fully self-controlled. (Reporter Liu Haiying)
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