Nature's Supplement: Reversing the key mitochondria of skin aging
August 1, 2018 Source: Biological Exploration of: exploration bacteria
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];Long wrinkles and hair loss are typical phenomena of aging in many people. Can this representation be reversed? Now, scientists have verified this possibility in mice. They found that when mitochondrial function is impaired, the mice will wrinkle and lose their hair in a few weeks. Even more surprisingly, shutting off mutations that cause dysfunction can make mice "return to youth" - the symptoms of aging are alleviated.
Image source: Pixabay
On July 20th, the "Cell Death & Disease" journal published this article entitled "Reversing wrinkled skin and hair loss in mice by restoring mitochondrial function". A team led by Keshav Singh, a professor of genetics at the University of Alabama's Birmingham (UAB) School of Medicine, found that mutations that trigger this wonderful "phenomenon" occur in nuclear genes, linked to mitochondrial function.
Mitochondrial dysfunction causes aging
Mitochondria are the main site for maintaining cellular energy supply and aerobic respiration. With aging, mitochondrial function will gradually decline. Even worse, mitochondrial dysfunction is prone to trigger a range of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, age-related neurological diseases and cancer.
In this study, Keshav Singh used a mouse model to induce mutations associated with mitochondrial dysfunction using the antibiotic doxycycline, triggering mitochondrial DNA deletion.
It was found that when eating foods supplemented with doxycycline or drinking water for 4 weeks, the hair of these mice would turn white, hair loss, slow movement, and listlessness. These changes are similar to natural aging. Within 4-8 weeks, the skin of the mice began to wrinkle and the females were more severe than the males.
After the mutation was induced, the changes in other organs were few. This means that the role of mitochondria in the skin is more important than other tissues.
Intermediate mouse: within a few weeks of mitochondrial DNA deletion, the skin of the mouse will wrinkle and a large area of ​​hair loss; right mouse: When the mutant gene is turned off to restore mitochondrial function, the aging mouse will "return to young" "- Regain smooth skin and thick fur, and no difference from healthy mice of the same age; left mouse: normal control. Image source: UAB
Reversing aging
Dramatically, this phenomenon of hair loss and long wrinkles can be reversed by closing the mutation! One month after stopping the use of doxycycline, these mice with aging symptoms will “return to youth†and the lost mitochondrial DNA will recover.
A large number of skin cells appear in the skin of mutant mice, and the outer layer is abnormally thickened, hair follicle dysfunction, and inflammation are increased. These pathological changes are similar to the extrinsic aging of human skin (usually caused by external factors such as sun exposure and long-term smoking).
At the same time, mitochondrial DNA deletion can also cause changes in the expression levels of four aging-related markers in mutant mice, similar to intrinsic aging (natural aging process).
summary
Why does the skin wrinkle? Studies have shown that the balance between matrix metalloproteinase enzymes and tissue-specific inhibitors in the skin is disrupted - a balance between the two is necessary to maintain collagen fibers in the skin and prevent wrinkles.
This mutation induced by antibiotics reduces mitochondrial DNA levels, alters mitochondrial gene expression, and destabilizes mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes.
At the same time, reversal mutations can restore mitochondrial function and restore skin and hair. This suggests that mitochondria are reversible regulators of skin aging and hair loss.
Reference materials:
1)Scientists reverse aging-associated skin wrinkles and hair loss in a mouse model
Original title: Long wrinkles, hair loss? Nature's Supplement: Reversing the key mitochondria of skin aging
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