Precision medicine combines tumor genotyping with targeted therapy for the treatment of lung cancer, changing the pattern of clinical treatment of lung cancer. EGFR, ALK, and ROS1 (EAR) are important targets for targeted therapy of lung cancer. Synchronous detection of EAR gene has been recommended by European ESMO and Chinese lung cancer experts, and is an effective strategy for patients to benefit from accurate medical treatment of lung cancer (EAR) The clinical significance of simultaneous detection can be found at http://news.bioon.com/article/6679926.html). At present, there are many techniques for tumor genotyping detection, including real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR), sequencing, digital PCR (ddPCR), gene chip, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). High-throughput detection technologies that can be used for simultaneous detection of EAR genes include sequencing, gene chip, and RT-PCR.
As the earliest sequencing technology, Sanger sequencing is still the gold standard for gene detection, but its clinical application is limited due to its low detection sensitivity, complicated operation and high cost. The emergence of NGS technology has greatly reduced the cost of sequencing, and the detection sensitivity and throughput have been improved. The "Precision Medical" program has also made NGS technology popular among the industry, and has become a hot research technology in the medical field. In terms of high-throughput sequencing, CFDA has approved several sequencers and detection reagents for NIPT. However, in tumor detection, there is no consensus on the standardization and quality control of NGS for tumor cell mutation detection. The flux sequencer and high-throughput test kit were approved, and only the clinical pilot units were allowed to carry out testing services in the form of self-made reagents (LDTs). It can be seen that the state still has reservations about its wide clinical application. In addition, high-throughput sequencing is cost-effective for the development of simultaneous detection of multi-target gene panels (tens of hundreds of genes or targets), but because of the low site mutation rate, it is difficult to find enough patients to carry out clinical Tests, and test results can not be verified, in the long run, such products are difficult to obtain approval, can only be used in the form of self-made reagents (LDTs) in the clinical laboratory, it is difficult to achieve widespread clinical application in the short term.
Gene chip technology is a technology widely used for multi-gene detection before the advent of high-throughput sequencing technology. In the field of tumor diagnosis, gene chip technology through the analysis of tumor gene expression spectrum, constitute a tumor gene diagnostic chip, study the function of tumor genes, can be used for tumor screening and can achieve the purpose of early diagnosis and early treatment. However, there are still some key problems to be solved in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors, such as cumbersome operation, high cost, long detection time, prone to false positives, and often require sequencing or quantitative PCR for verification. Wait.
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