What are the key points of the pollution-free cultivation techniques of Qiuyan pepper? In the case of pollution-free cultivation of Qiuyan pepper, in addition to seed treatment, seedbed preparation and seedling management, there is also a very important step, that is, pest control, so today Xiaobian will specifically talk about Qiuyan pepper pollution-free Cultivation techniques, I hope to help everyone.
1 variety selection
The quality of pepper seeds should meet the requirements of national standards, and the varieties with high yield, high quality, high resistance to insects, disease resistance, strong resistance, good commerciality and wide adaptability should be used for cultivation of pollution-free autumn-expansive peppers. For example, Sujiao No. 5 and Luojiao 4 No. and other varieties.
2 seed treatment
After planting and drying, soak for 20 minutes with a 20% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, then rinse off and rinse with water. Pour the sterilized seeds into water at 50-60 ° C. After the water temperature drops to 30 ° C, stop stirring and soak for 5-6 h. Place the seeds in a clean container and cover at 25 °C. The germination rate is ~32 °C, and the seed has a "split mouth" after about 3 to 4 days. After 4 to 5 days, the seed germination rate will be 60% to 70%, and the buds can be sown at about 1 mm.
3 seedbed preparation
For every 667m2 of pepper, it is necessary to prepare a seedbed of 6~8m2. The nutrient soil of the seedbed needs to be prepared according to a certain proportion: 6 parts of fertile garden soil and 4 parts of decomposed soil and fertilizer. The soil treatment on the seedbed is to prevent seedling disease. The practice is as follows: 50% carbendazim 50-100g, add 5-10kg fine soil and stir evenly after pouring the bottom water, half before sowing. Sprinkle the medicine, and after planting the soil, sprinkle the remaining medicine.
4 sowing seedlings
Sowing in the first ten days of August, the amount of seed per acre is 120-150g, and it is necessary to start planting in the morning on a sunny day.
5 seedling management
5.1 Temperature control range
During sowing, the temperature during the daytime is 30~32°C, the temperature is 18~20°C at night; the daytime temperature is 25~30°C after emergence, the temperature is 16~17°C at night; the daytime temperature is 25°C after planting, the nighttime temperature is at 10 to 12 ° C.
5.2
Control the moisture, use chlormequat or helper to prevent the length.
5.3 between the seedlings
Before the emergence of true leaves, it is necessary to pay attention to not excessive seedlings.
6 Scientific colonization
Planting time: early September;
Management before planting: Applying base fertilizer to the whole land, applying 5 000 kg of high-quality soil fertilizer per acre, 50 kg of diammonium phosphate, 25 kg of potassium fertilizer and 25 kg of urea;
Planting density: density of 4 000 to 5,000 piers per acre, plant spacing 30 to 33 cm, row spacing 40 to 45 cm.
7 Pest Control
7.1 Diseases
7.1.1 Virus disease
Viral disease hazard: the plant is short, the leaves are thickened, the wrinkles are shrinking, and the peppers produced are small and rare;
Control measures: Initially use diluted potassium permanganate 1 000 times for spray control.
7.1.2 Anthrax
Hazard: mainly occurs on stems, leaves and fruits, which will make peppers lick like leaves and leaves;
Control measures: dilute 1 000 times of copper sulphate, dilute 400 times of 70% mancozeb or 400% of thiophanate-methyl to spray the lower part of the plant and the back of the leaf.
7.1.3 Disease
Hazard: The epidemic is rapid and devastating, causing the leaves to fall off;
Control measures: Spraying with 70% mancozeb 500 times solution on the 2nd day before or after the rain.
7.1.4 rickets and blight
Hazard: the roots of the seedlings are broken;
Control measures: 70% and 1,000 times of methyl thiophanate was used for spray control.
7.2 Characteristics of pests and their corresponding control measures
7.2.1 Helicoverpa armigera and tobacco budworm
Control measures: Fill the corn cob with 50% dichlorvos 30ml, or spray with phoxim 2 500 times.
7.2.2 Dish
Control measures: 50% dichlorvos 1 000 times liquid spray for chemical control.
7.2.3 è¼è›„, 蛴螬
Control measures: use poison bait to kill and kill cockroaches and cockroaches.
7.2.4 Whitefly
Hazard: The leaves turn yellow and slowly wither and die;
Control measures: When the leaves are about to turn yellow, they are killed by a yellow oil plate or by feeding grass and then releasing to prevent whitefly.
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