It is one of the key measures to improve the quality of seedlings by doing chemical weeding work in rice fields and live fields. When the rice is planted, the farmers should weed the fields in time. Putian chemical weeding generally adopts the second weeding method, that is, 3-7 days before tillage, 500 ml of 10% glyphosate water or 200 ml of 41% glyphosate water, and 25 kg of fine mist sprayed with clear water. Old grass. The spray should be carried out in a clear, windless weather, and the water needs to be increased when the soil is dry. After spraying, according to various breeding methods and grassland conditions, choose the following suitable weeding methods to weed:
Dry nursery: Excreted in addition to old grass before ploughing, 50% butachlor EC 125 ml, 37.75% dragon WP 150 g, 17.2% juvenile wettable powder 200-250 g per mu after sowing. 36% water-fermentation emulsifiable concentrate 130-150 ml, evenly sprayed with 40-50 kg of water on the surface. Before spraying, the seeds are not exposed to the soil surface, and the soil layer covering the seeds is about 1 cm thick, and the trampoline should be fully moistened (but not water) to avoid phytotoxicity. After spraying, keep the field moist for about a week, or spray the film on the mulch after spraying to improve the efficacy. It is not advisable to cover the plant ash or rice husk ash in the water-drying application area, and the film can be covered when the field is slightly dry after spraying. During the whole seedling period after emergence, the trampoline must be kept moist. In case of dry weather, it must be sprayed with water in time, otherwise serious phytotoxicity will occur.
Shuiyutian: Weeds with weeds, sedges and broadleaf grasses, etc., can be used in the 3-4 leaf stage of the seedlings after the film is uncovered, and 36% dichloro-benzyl (golden floor) WP 35 Gram, 40 liters of water evenly sprayed and weeded. The day before the spraying, the field water should be drained, and the water should be rehydrated 1-2 days after the medicine, and the skin water should be kept for 57 days. If the rainy weather or the quality of the seedlings is poor when applying the medicine, it is advisable to delay the application time.
Water paddy field or semi-arid field: Weeds are mainly broad-leaved grasses and sedges, and there are few stalks of alfalfa. 10% bensulfuron-methyl WP can be used per acre 12-15 g or 10% pyrazosulfuron. The wet powder is 10-12 g, and the 6-7 kg of urea is mixed with the secondary expansion method to uniformly apply the weeding in the 3 leaf stage of the seedling. Fill the shallow water before applying the medicine, and keep the water for 3-5 days after the medicine.
Live field chemical weeding: After the sowing of the buds, 17.2% of the puerperal wettable powder 200-250 grams or 10% pyrazosulfuron-methyl (Mercury) WP 10-15 grams, 40 kg of water sprayed weeding. It can also be used for 2-4 days after sowing, 40% benzyl acetoacetin (live net, Leji live green) WP 460-60 grams, 40 kg water spray. Grains using 40% benzyl acesulfame WP must be germinated first, such as blind valley sowing, to be used in the seedling stage.
Matters needing attention: (1) When doing the field, it is required to make the seesaw flat. To apply evenly, do not repeat spraying. Keep the clams moist and do not accumulate water after application to improve the herbicidal effect. Pyramid-sulfuron should be used with caution in fields similar to the grassland. (2) For the field with poor control effect or more raking in the early stage, it can be controlled by using 50% quinclorac WP WP 30-30g/40 kg per mu in the 3-4 stage of seedlings. The day before the medicine was drained, the water was rehydrated every 1-2 days, and the shallow water was kept for 5-7 days.
Sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation automatic control equipment With the development of economy, water resources, energy shortage and labor cost increase, more and more water-saving irrigation systems will adopt automatic control. This article focuses on the advantages and classification of automated irrigation.
The advantages are as follows:
(1) It is possible to truly control the amount of irrigation, irrigation time and irrigation cycle in a timely and appropriate manner, thereby increasing crop yield and significantly improving water utilization.
(2) Saving labor and operating expenses.
(3) The work plan can be arranged conveniently and flexibly, and the management personnel do not have to go to the field at night or other inconvenient time.
(4) Since it can increase the effective working time every day, the initial capital investment in pipelines, pumping stations, etc. can be reduced accordingly.
classification:
First, fully automated irrigation system
The fully automated irrigation system does not require direct human involvement. The pre-programmed control procedures and certain parameters that reflect the water requirements of the crop can automatically open and close the pump for a long time and automatically irrigate in a certain order. The role of the person is simply to adjust the control program and overhaul the control equipment. In this system, in addition to emitters (heads, drip heads, etc.), pipes, fittings, pumps, and motors, it also includes central controllers, automatic valves, sensors (soil moisture sensors, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, water level sensors, and rain sensors). Etc.) and wires.
Second, semi-automatic irrigation system
In the semi-automated irrigation system, no sensors are installed in the field. The irrigation time, irrigation volume and irrigation period are controlled according to pre-programmed procedures, rather than feedback based on crop and soil moisture and meteorological conditions. The degree of automation of such systems is very different. For example, some pump stations implement automatic control, and some pump stations use manual control. Some central controllers are only one timer with simple programming function, and some systems have no central control. The controller, but only some of the sequential switching valves or volume valves are installed on each branch pipe.
Automated irrigation is the trend of the times. In the future water-saving irrigation projects, more and more automated irrigation systems will be applied.
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