Generally speaking, old sheds that have been planted for many years have high soil nutrients. It stands to reason that the yield of vegetables should be more assured. However, the yield of some old sheds has not only not increased, but with the increase in fertilizer input, the yield has become lower and lower. Even some sheds cannot even guarantee the normal growth of vegetables. What is the reason?
What are the problems with the old shed soil?
There are many problems in the cultivation of vegetables in old sheds, but most of them are caused by soil reasons, which can be roughly summarized in the following three aspects.
1. There are many mineral nutrients and relatively little organic matter.
After many years of planting in the shed, especially in the shed managed under the concept of "heavy chemical fertilizers and lighter organic fertilizers", there will often be cases of excessive mineral nutrients and insufficient organic matter content. The aggregate structure in the soil does not always exist, but is constantly formed and consumed. If a large number of chemical fertilizers are used for a long time and the application of organic fertilizers is neglected, the aggregate structure will become less and less, the soil will be more easily compacted and salinized, and the continued input of chemical fertilizers will make the soil environment worse.
2. The nutrient absorption and utilization rate is extremely low.
The mineral nutrient of the old shed soil is not formed in a short time, but because a large amount of mineral elements are accumulated and fixed in the soil, these unabsorbable nutrients in turn affect the absorption of other elements (mainly antagonism), making the soil The role of fertilization exists in name only.
3. There are fewer and fewer soil organisms and microorganisms.
With the decrease of soil organic matter, the organisms and beneficial microorganisms that depend on organic matter in the soil are reduced due to the lack of food. The decrease of beneficial organisms will make the soil more compact, and the decrease of beneficial microorganisms will reduce the ability of inhibiting harmful bacteria and the ability to inhibit harmful bacteria. The ability of nutrient transformation has resulted in more soil-borne diseases in the old shed.
How to improve the soil of the old shed?
Soil is an organic life body. Although it is easily destroyed, it can be restored to health through purposeful adjustment.
1. The base fertilizer should be pure organic fertilizer. When choosing organic fertilizer, do not use organic fertilizer with high salt content, such as chicken manure, duck manure, pig manure, etc., but use organic fertilizer with less mineral elements. Among poultry manure, sheep manure and cow manure are relatively higher in organic matter and have less salt content, so they are suitable for old sheds.
2. Top dressing should choose water-soluble fertilizer with high absorption and utilization rate.
Although the nutrient content in the soil of the old shed is high, when the nutrient absorption is large in the middle and late stages of vegetable growth, if the fertilizer is not supplemented in time, it will still affect the vegetable yield. Therefore, choosing water-soluble fertilizer with high absorption efficiency and little residue is the necessary fertilizer for the middle and late top dressing of vegetables. It is recommended to adopt targeted irrigation methods such as micro-sprinkling and drip irrigation for top dressing in old sheds. In the case of the same amount of fertilizer, the absorption and utilization rate of the new water-soluble fertilizer is higher and the residue is less.
3. Gradually increase the amount of bacteria used.
Beneficial bacteria are very important in the production of vegetables in old sheds. On the one hand, they can suppress the spread of soil-borne diseases through supplementation of beneficial bacteria. On the other hand, they promote the decomposition and transformation of organic matter and fixed mineral nutrients in the soil to reduce the mineral Residue. At the same time, beneficial bacteria can also protect and promote the growth of roots in harsh soil environments. The cost of using beneficial bacteria in the old shed is persistence, and you may not see the effect in a short time, but if you persist in applying it for more than one year, the good effect will gradually become apparent.
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