Since the beginning of winter, the temperature in Central China has been higher than in previous years, and the soil moisture content has been severely deficient, which has had a certain impact on the growth of large areas of rapeseed. The survey shows that wintering seedlings on different plots differ greatly. Some sowing, transplanting early, well-conditioned water and fertilizer plots, rape growth is prosperous, and even convulsions, there are some plots of rape seedlings are small, weak seedlings, growth is obviously insufficient, leaf area coefficient is low, closed line delay Some of them even appear to be "poorly convulsions." The current rapeseed, whether it is overgrowth or lack of growth, is very unfavorable for winning high yields in the coming year. In light of the current situation of rape seedlings, we should focus on the following types of management:
Drought relief. For paddy fields with irrigated conditions and significantly less soil in the paddy fields, water can be used for irrigation in the sunny afternoons when the water temperature is higher; in the dry lands closer to the water sources, the winter wheat plants can be combined with drought resistance to supplement the drought; Diluted manure water is resistant to drought, and through the use of water-based fertilizers, rapeseed can be quickly restored to growth.
Grab a fertilizer. After a continuous drought, fertilizers are less effective and more depleted, and in the event of rain or snow, they should be robbed of fertilizers. In particular, poor soil fertility, lack of base fertilizer or severe deficiency of base fertilizer, and weak seedling growth, should pay attention to re-applying wax fertilizer, grabbing and applying topdressing nitrogen fertilizer, and promoting seedlings to expand leaf area, increase growth, and accumulate more nutrients. More branches, increase production.
Prevent freezing damage. The more winter-warm and dry years, the more susceptible the rape is to frost damage, the more attention should be paid to warming and freezing. The main measures are: after dressing topdressing, cultivating loose soil and ramming soil to bacon to prevent the roots and stems of rape from freezing; secondly, to rape the growing plants, use 25% of paclobutrazol to spray 30 kg of water evenly, and promote Seedlings grow from strong to strong, enhance the ability of cold resistance; Third, before the extreme low temperature comes, sprinkle a layer of grass ash on the rape leaf surface, can reduce the freezing injury.
Remove grass damage. Dry winter rapeseed lines are postponed, and spring grasses are prone to grass shortages. It can be combined with cultivators for manual weeding or herbicides for chemical weeding. In the case of arid climate and severe soil moisture, we must pay attention to adequate watering. The amount of liquid used per mu shall not be less than 45 kg, and even spraying shall be done to ensure the weeding effect.
Pay attention to pest control. In the winter dry years, the occurrence of locust infestation is generally heavy. In particular, the plots with early sowing and transplanting, sufficient fertilizer and water, and growing turf are more serious and affect not only the growth of rapeseed but also the spread of virus and disease, so it is necessary to pay attention to spraying pesticides in time. Can use 10% of imidacloprid wettable powder 20-30 grams, 45 kg of water evenly spray. As the locust colonies often feed on the back of rape seedlings, the back is the focus of spraying. Generally according to the occurrence of aphids, spray 2-3 times in a row, every 7-10 days.
Remove early squatting. In winter warm years, due to the high temperature, the growth of rapeseed is accelerated and the plants are prone to early onset and early flowering. After rapeseed twitching, the ability to resist coldness decreased significantly, and it was more susceptible to freezing injury when exposed to low temperatures. Therefore, for rape that can be caught prematurely, it is necessary to remove the early pods and chase fertilizing materials in order to enhance the ability to resist cold. At the same time, it promotes branching and increases production. In addition, the growth of thin rapeseed by the application of available nitrogen fertilizer, has a certain effect on the prevention of early onset.
Apply boron fertilizer. The available boron fertilizer applied to the soil in drought years is easily fixed by the soil, which makes it difficult for rape to absorb, which in turn induces boron deficiency and causes flowering. Therefore, in the early flowering period of rapeseed, the quick-acting boron fertilizer such as “Sonic Boron†should be sprayed in combination with the disease-resistant foliage.
Clear up the ditch. Long drought will have long rain. Rapeseed is most afraid of water in spring, so it is actively fighting drought and preventing drought in the spring. It is also suitable for paddy fields that have high groundwater levels, easy waterlogging, and rapeseed. To prevent spring water from suddenly increasing the water in the field and causing diseases.
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