Leaching is an important unit operation in the extraction process of natural organic matter
According to the theory of diffusion mass transfer in the process of plant extraction, the extraction process of Chinese medicine extraction tank can generally be divided into three stages:
Infiltration permeation-analytical dissolution-diffusion and solvent replacement
*Step: Infiltration: Allows the solvent to infiltrate the material and penetrate into plant tissues and cells;
The second step: desorption dissolution: the solvent dissolves the active ingredients in the plant tissue, allowing it to be freed from the tissue or cells;
The third step: diffusion and solvent replacement: the concentration difference between the active ingredients inside and outside the cell is used to form an osmotic pressure of high internal and external low, and the active ingredient is diffused to the tissue or extracellular.
There are two mass transfer modes of molecular diffusion and convection diffusion in the diffusion process.
There are many methods that can be used for natural drug extraction. For various reasons, the main methods for extracting functional components include decoction, dipping, and percolation.
1: decoction method: the method of boiling the raw materials and water to cook the juice, generally using a sandwich pan to cook
The decoction method is suitable for raw materials which are soluble in water, stable to moisture and heat, and are not volatile, but the impurities in the decoction are more, the mold is easy to be spoiled, and the raw materials containing starch, mucilage and the like are fried. After cooking, the solution has a large viscosity and is not easy to be filtered. Some heat-resistant and volatile components are easily destroyed or volatilized during the boiling process.
2: impregnation method
The dipping method is a method in which a raw material is immersed in an appropriate solvent at a normal temperature or a warm condition.
The multi-function extraction tank is a closed extraction tank for the domestic application of Zui Guang. It is suitable for atmospheric pressure, micro-pressure decoction, warm immersion, heat reflux, forced circulation, seepage, aromatic oil extraction and recovery of organic solvent.
3: seepage method
The percolation method is a method in which the raw material powder is wetted and expanded, and then placed in a percolator, the leaching solvent is added from the upper part of the permeator, and the solvent is permeated through the raw material layer to leaching the component downward.
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